Al-Shammari Wasima, Alshammery Kholoud, Lotfi Salwa, Altamimi Haya, Alshammari Abeer, Al-Harbi Nadi Awad, Rashed Afaf Abdullah, Al-Shalawi Musfirah, Moustapha Moustapha Eid, Rashwan Emadeldeen, Abdelaal Khaled
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Hail, 55476, Saudi Arabia.
Biology Department, University College of Tayma, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Jul 2;25(1):835. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-06845-8.
This study aimed to evaluate the role of Bacillus megaterium and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) in increasing salt tolerance in wheat associated with physio-biochemical and anatomical characteristics. Results displayed that salinity stress (6 dS m NaCl) significantly decreased (p ≤ 0.05) nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, chlorophyll a and b content, maximum quantum yield of PSII and relative water content (RWC) in both seasons. Additionally, the anatomical characteristics of flag leaf were harmfully affected. However, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide (O), hydrogen peroxide (HO) and electrolyte leakage (EL) were increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) in both seasons. Also, proline and total phenolic compounds were increased significantly in the stressed seedlings. On the other hand, inoculation of grains with B. megaterium and AMF significantly augmented nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, chlorophyll a and b content, maximum quantum yield of PSII and relative water content as well as modified the antioxidant defense system such as catalase, peroxidase, proline and total phenolic compounds in both seasons. Also, the anatomical structures of flag leaves were significantly improved in the stressed wheat seedlings under treatment with B. megaterium and AMF in comparison to stressed uninoculated seedlings. Generally, application of B. megaterium and AMF can improve the physio-biochemical and anatomical characteristics of wheat seedlings under salinity conditions.
本研究旨在评估巨大芽孢杆菌和丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）在提高小麦耐盐性方面的作用，及其与生理生化和解剖学特征的关系。结果表明，盐胁迫（6 dS m NaCl）在两个季节均显著降低了（p≤0.05）氮、磷、钾、叶绿素a和b的含量、PSII的最大量子产量以及相对含水量（RWC）。此外，旗叶的解剖学特征也受到了有害影响。然而，丙二醛（MDA）、超氧阴离子（O）、过氧化氢（HO）和电解质渗漏（EL）在两个季节均显著增加（p≤0.05）。同时，胁迫幼苗中的脯氨酸和总酚类化合物也显著增加。另一方面，用巨大芽孢杆菌和AMF接种种子在两个季节均显著提高了氮、磷、钾、叶绿素a和b的含量、PSII的最大量子产量以及相对含水量，并改善了抗氧化防御系统，如过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、脯氨酸和总酚类化合物。此外，与未接种的胁迫幼苗相比，在巨大芽孢杆菌和AMF处理下，胁迫小麦幼苗旗叶的解剖结构得到了显著改善。总体而言，巨大芽孢杆菌和AMF的应用可以改善盐胁迫条件下小麦幼苗的生理生化和解剖学特征。
