Zhao Chunzhao, Zhang Heng, Song Chunpeng, Zhu Jian-Kang, Shabala Sergey
Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
Innovation (Camb). 2020 Apr 24;1(1):100017. doi: 10.1016/j.xinn.2020.100017. eCollection 2020 May 21.
Soil salinity is a major environmental stress that restricts the growth and yield of crops. Understanding the physiological, metabolic, and biochemical responses of plants to salt stress and mining the salt tolerance-associated genetic resource in nature will be extremely important for us to cultivate salt-tolerant crops. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms of salt stress responses in plants, including salt stress-triggered physiological responses, oxidative stress, salt stress sensing and signaling pathways, organellar stress, ion homeostasis, hormonal and gene expression regulation, metabolic changes, as well as salt tolerance mechanisms in halophytes. Important questions regarding salt tolerance that need to be addressed in the future are discussed.
土壤盐渍化是限制作物生长和产量的主要环境胁迫因素。了解植物对盐胁迫的生理、代谢和生化反应，并挖掘自然界中与耐盐性相关的遗传资源，对于我们培育耐盐作物极为重要。在这篇综述中，我们全面总结了植物盐胁迫反应的机制，包括盐胁迫引发的生理反应、氧化应激、盐胁迫感知和信号传导途径、细胞器应激、离子稳态、激素和基因表达调控、代谢变化，以及盐生植物的耐盐机制。还讨论了未来需要解决的有关耐盐性的重要问题。
