Kalinina Natalia O, Spechenkova Nadezhda A, Taliansky Michael E
Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2025 Jun;90(6):804-817. doi: 10.1134/S0006297925600139.
Established genome editing technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas and RNA interference (RNAi), have significantly advanced research studies in nearly all fields of life sciences, including biotechnology and medicine, and have become increasingly in demand in plant biology. In the review, we present the main principles of the CRISPR-Cas and RNAi technologies and their application in model plants and crops for the control of viral diseases. The review explores the antiviral effects they provide, including direct suppression of genomes of DNA- and RNA-containing viruses and inhibition of activity of host genes that increase plant susceptibility to viruses. We also provide a detailed comparison of the effectiveness of CRISPR-Cas and RNAi methods in plant protection, as well as discuss their advantages and disadvantages, factors limiting their application in practice, and possible approaches to overcome such limitations.
已确立的基因组编辑技术，如CRISPR-Cas和RNA干扰（RNAi），极大地推动了生命科学几乎所有领域的研究，包括生物技术和医学领域，并且在植物生物学中的需求也日益增加。在本综述中，我们介绍了CRISPR-Cas和RNAi技术的主要原理及其在模式植物和作物中用于控制病毒病害的应用。本综述探讨了它们所提供的抗病毒作用，包括直接抑制含DNA和RNA病毒的基因组以及抑制那些增加植物对病毒易感性的宿主基因的活性。我们还详细比较了CRISPR-Cas和RNAi方法在植物保护中的有效性，并讨论了它们的优缺点、限制其实际应用的因素以及克服这些限制的可能方法。
