LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
Department of Women and Child Health, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Jan 19;23(1):135. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15032-z.
Overweight and obesity represent huge concerns for children's physical and mental well-being. This study examined the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), somatoform complaints, and behavioral problems in children and adolescents. Additionally, the influence of sex, age, and socioeconomic status (SES) on these associations was considered.
In total, we studied 2350 participants between the ages of 4 and 18 years (1213 4- to 10-years-old (child sample) and 1137 11-to 18-year-olds (adolescent sample)). To assess HRQoL, somatoform complaints, and behavioral difficulties, we applied the KIDSCREEN-27, a short form of the Giessen Complaints Questionnaire, and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The BMI was transformed to BMI standard deviation scores (BMI-SDS), according to German gender- and age-specific reference data. Associations were investigated using linear regression analyses. Each association was checked for interaction with sex, age, and SES.
Regarding HRQoL, we found worsening scores in physical well-being and psychological well-being with increasing BMI-SDS. Somatoform complaints were not significantly associated with BMI-SDS. Conduct problems, peer relationship problems, and emotional problems (the latter only in the adolescent sample) were positively associated with BMI-SDS. While we did not observe any significant interactions with sex, we found some significant interactions with age and/or SES.
Our findings highlight the importance of mental difficulties in children and adolescents with higher BMI and, consequently, underline the relevance of including psychological interventions in the treatment of overweight or obesity.
超重和肥胖对儿童的身心健康构成了巨大的威胁。本研究旨在探讨儿童和青少年的体重指数（BMI）与健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）、躯体化抱怨和行为问题之间的关系，并进一步考虑了性别、年龄和社会经济地位（SES）对这些关联的影响。
本研究共纳入了 2350 名 4 至 18 岁的参与者（1213 名为 4 至 10 岁的儿童样本，1137 名为 11 至 18 岁的青少年样本）。为了评估 HRQoL、躯体化抱怨和行为困难，我们使用了 KIDSCREEN-27 量表、Giessen 抱怨问卷的简表和长处与困难问卷（SDQ）。BMI 按照德国性别和年龄特异性参考数据转化为 BMI 标准差分数（BMI-SDS）。采用线性回归分析评估各变量之间的相关性。同时，我们还对这些关联进行了性别、年龄和 SES 的交互作用检验。
在 HRQoL 方面，我们发现 BMI-SDS 越高，身体和心理幸福感得分越低。躯体化抱怨与 BMI-SDS 无显著相关性。行为问题（包括品行问题、同伴关系问题和情绪问题，后者仅在青少年样本中）与 BMI-SDS 呈正相关。尽管我们没有观察到性别方面的显著交互作用，但我们发现了一些与年龄和/或 SES 的显著交互作用。
本研究结果强调了在 BMI 较高的儿童和青少年中存在心理困难的重要性，因此强调了在超重或肥胖治疗中纳入心理干预的必要性。
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