Huang Xilai, Yao Wei, Chen Qianru, Lin Jinjun, Huang Jun, Zou Yuying, Guo Chenglong, He Bei, Yuan Xiao, Xu Chengyang, Liu Xionglun, Xiao Yinghui, Wu Jun, Liu Jinling
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Engineering and Yuelushan Laboratory, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
Theor Appl Genet. 2025 Jul 5;138(7):174. doi: 10.1007/s00122-025-04962-4.
Rice blast, caused by the hemibiotrophic filamentous ascomycete fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, seriously limits rice production. Since the pioneering genetic studies in 1922, substantial advancements have been made in understanding the genetic basis of rice-M. oryzae interaction via the advanced molecular genetics studies. This has led to the development of the rice-M. oryzae interaction system as a primary model for molecular plant-microbe interaction studies. The molecular deciphering of blast resistance (R) genes and application of molecular breeding technologies have greatly accelerated the improvement of rice blast resistance. Herein, we review the current insights of molecular characterization of blast R genes and their applications to improve rice resistance through the molecular breeding approaches, including marker-assisted selection transgene, gene editing and artificial gene design. The future perspectives of molecular breeding strategies on rice blast resistance improvement are also discussed.
稻瘟病由半活体营养型丝状子囊菌稻瘟病菌（Magnaporthe oryzae）引起，严重限制了水稻产量。自1922年开创性的遗传学研究以来，通过先进的分子遗传学研究，在理解水稻与稻瘟病菌相互作用的遗传基础方面取得了重大进展。这使得水稻-稻瘟病菌相互作用系统成为分子植物-微生物相互作用研究的主要模型。对稻瘟病抗性（R）基因的分子解析以及分子育种技术的应用极大地加速了水稻抗稻瘟病能力的提高。在此，我们综述了目前对稻瘟病R基因分子特征的认识以及它们通过分子育种方法（包括标记辅助选择、转基因、基因编辑和人工基因设计）来提高水稻抗性的应用。还讨论了水稻抗稻瘟病分子育种策略的未来前景。
