Colombo Elisa, Höbner Lara, Sebök Martina, van Doormaal Tristan, Regli Luca, Esposito Giuseppe
Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Zurich Microsurgery Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2025;136:173-176. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-89844-0_22.
Training microsurgical and neurosurgical techniques by using multimodal simulators in the lab is a fundamental component of neurosurgical residency nowadays. The authors of this chapter describe a training curriculum for residents in neurosurgery implemented at the Zurich Microsurgery Lab, one that integrates different simulators to ensure a seamless and effective progression in microneurosurgical skill acquisition. Neurosurgical residents at all levels of training can benefit from this training scheme, profiting from the realistic replication of surgical scenarios and conditions. Next-generation silicon tubes are used as the initial tools and provide exposure to basic microsurgical skills. Placental simulators have become a milestone at our lab for training microsurgical techniques such as vessel dissection and microanastomoses. Craniotomy sessions are performed using hyper-realistic three-dimensional (3D) skull models. Mixed reality allows for teaching surgical anatomy with 3D interactive reconstructions of the most relevant anatomical structures. Cadaver models offer a realistic anatomical setting for advanced specialistic training.
如今，在实验室中使用多模态模拟器训练显微外科和神经外科技术是神经外科住院医师培训的基本组成部分。本章作者描述了在苏黎世显微外科实验室实施的针对神经外科住院医师的培训课程，该课程整合了不同的模拟器，以确保在显微神经外科技能习得过程中实现无缝且有效的进展。各个培训阶段的神经外科住院医师都能从该培训方案中受益，得益于手术场景和条件的逼真再现。新一代硅胶管被用作初始工具，用于培养基本的显微外科技能。胎盘模拟器已成为我们实验室训练诸如血管解剖和显微吻合等显微外科技术的一个里程碑。开颅手术训练使用超逼真的三维（3D）颅骨模型。混合现实技术可通过对最相关解剖结构的3D交互式重建来教授手术解剖学。尸体模型为高级专科培训提供了逼真的解剖环境。
