Dornellas Ana Luísa Capitelli, Sassi Fernanda Chiarion, Ritto Ana Paula, Medeiros Gisele Chagas de, Andrade Claudia Regina Furquim de
Divisão de Fonoaudiologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo - USP - São Paulo (SP), Brasil.
Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo - USP - São Paulo (SP), Brasil.
Codas. 2025 Jul 7;37(4):e20240294. doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/e20240294en. eCollection 2025.
To identify factors related to swallowing and oral motor skills in patients with congenital myopathies and evaluate the outcomes of an oral motor and swallowing intervention for this population.
Participants of this study were twenty-six individuals with diagnosed myopathies or muscular dystrophy, referred to the Division of Speech-Language Pathology. Data collection occurred at three time points: pre-treatment, post-treatment, and three-month follow-up. Oral motor and swallowing assessments were performed using validated protocols. Participants completed a speech therapy program for oropharyngeal dysphagia, consisting of four weekly 30-minute sessions, with daily practice encouraged. Each session was supervised by a speech-language pathologist until independent practice was possible.
The study found that patients with congenital myopathies had significant impairments in posture, mobility, oral functions, and feeding, especially in mastication and swallowing of solid foods. The therapy program resulted in substantial improvements at all evaluation points. Significant differences were observed between pre- and post-treatment, and between pre-treatment and the three-month follow-up, as measured by the ASHA NOMS scale. Oral motor skill assessments showed improved scores on all measures of the AMIOFE-E protocol, except mastication.
The rehabilitation program effectively improved oral motor and swallowing functions in patients with congenital myopathies, reducing the risk of pulmonary aspiration and related complications. The therapy program demonstrated to be highly effective for this patient group.
确定先天性肌病患者吞咽和口腔运动技能相关因素，并评估针对该人群的口腔运动和吞咽干预效果。
本研究的参与者为26名被诊断患有肌病或肌肉萎缩症的个体，他们被转介到言语语言病理学部门。数据收集在三个时间点进行：治疗前、治疗后和三个月随访。使用经过验证的方案进行口腔运动和吞咽评估。参与者完成了一项针对口咽吞咽困难的言语治疗计划，包括每周四次、每次30分钟的课程，并鼓励进行日常练习。每次课程均由言语语言病理学家监督，直至能够独立练习。
研究发现，先天性肌病患者在姿势、活动能力、口腔功能和进食方面存在显著损害，尤其是在固体食物的咀嚼和吞咽方面。该治疗计划在所有评估点均取得了显著改善。根据美国言语语言听力协会（ASHA）正常化口腔肌肉功能量表（NOMS）测量，治疗前与治疗后以及治疗前与三个月随访之间存在显著差异。口腔运动技能评估显示，除咀嚼外，AMIOFE-E方案的所有测量指标得分均有所提高。
康复计划有效改善了先天性肌病患者的口腔运动和吞咽功能，降低了肺部误吸及相关并发症的风险。该治疗计划对该患者群体显示出高度有效性。
