Figueroa Villalobos Elías, Merino Osvaldo, Amorim Pereira Wellison, Pérez-Atehortúa Maritza, Ávila Sebastián, Pinheiro S Oliveira Ricardo, Hernández Adrian J, Romero Jaime, Valdebenito Isler Iván, Villasante Alejandro
Núcleo de Investigación en Producción Alimentaria, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile.
Center of Excellence in Reproductive Biotechnology (BIOREN-CEBIOR), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Theriogenology. 2025 Nov;247:117565. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117565. Epub 2025 Jul 3.
This study evaluates the impact of dietary composition on the functionality and cryopreservation tolerance of intratesticular spermatozoa in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). A total of 40 males were divided into four dietary treatment groups: Diet I, based on marine-derived lipids and proteins; Diet II, replacing 65 % of marine proteins and 51 % of lipids with plant and terrestrial animal sources; and two commercial reference diets (III and IV) to contrast with the experimental diets. Over a six-month period, dietary treatments influenced critical sperm quality parameters such as motility, membrane integrity, oxidative stress markers, and cryopreservation outcomes as assessed in both fresh and cryopreserved samples using biomarkers of cellular function, mitochondrial membrane potential, and DNA integrity. Sperm in Diet 1 had the highest motility (80.6 ± 5.7 % fresh; 68.4 ± 8.7 % cryopreserved) and showed reduced oxidative damage, with lower levels of lipid peroxidation (3.8 ± 0.9 nmol MDA/mL) and 8-OHdG concentrations (0.7 ± 0.4 ng/mL). Conversely, sperm from Diets III and IV exhibited higher oxidative stress and DNA fragmentation, which were associated with reduced post-thaw viability. The results underscore the critical role of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as DHA and EPA, in maintaining sperm membrane fluidity, motility, and resistance to cryopreservation. Diet II exhibited intermediate performance, indicating that partial substitution of marine ingredients can be viable if lipid composition is carefully balanced. These findings emphasize the importance of dietary formulation in aquaculture for optimizing sperm quality and cryopreservation tolerance, contributing to sustainable reproduction strategies for Atlantic salmon and other high-value species.
本研究评估了日粮组成对大西洋鲑（Salmo salar）睾丸内精子功能和冷冻保存耐受性的影响。总共40只雄性被分为四个日粮处理组：日粮I，以海洋来源的脂质和蛋白质为基础；日粮II，用植物和陆生动物来源替代65%的海洋蛋白质和51%的脂质；以及两种商业参考日粮（III和IV）以与实验日粮进行对比。在六个月的时间里，日粮处理影响了关键的精子质量参数，如活力、膜完整性、氧化应激标志物以及冷冻保存结果，这些参数通过细胞功能、线粒体膜电位和DNA完整性的生物标志物在新鲜和冷冻保存的样本中进行评估。日粮1中的精子具有最高的活力（新鲜时为80.6±5.7%；冷冻保存后为68.4±8.7%），并且显示出氧化损伤减少，脂质过氧化水平较低（3.8±0.9 nmol MDA/mL）以及8-羟基脱氧鸟苷浓度较低（0.7±0.4 ng/mL）。相反，日粮III和IV中的精子表现出更高的氧化应激和DNA片段化，这与解冻后活力降低有关。结果强调了日粮多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA），如DHA和EPA，在维持精子膜流动性、活力和冷冻保存抗性方面的关键作用。日粮II表现出中等性能，表明如果脂质组成仔细平衡，部分替代海洋成分是可行的。这些发现强调了水产养殖中日粮配方对于优化精子质量和冷冻保存耐受性的重要性，有助于大西洋鲑和其他高价值物种的可持续繁殖策略。
