Neopterin, a biochemical indicator of cellular immune reactions, in the detection and control of patients with neoplastic diseases.

The incidence of elevated neopterin levels is presented for 748 patients with various malignancies. The mean urinary neopterin levels varied directly with stage and in patients with carcinoma of bladder according to histological grade of disease. In 178/208 patients with subsequent treatment for gynecological cancer, neopterin levels returned to normal within 3 weeks when tumor remission was achieved but remained high or even raised when persistent or recurrent cancer was later diagnosed. In 160 patients suffering from cervical carcinoma, significant differences in survival were demonstrated by Cox regression when patients were grouped according to their pretherapeutical neopterin level.