Hu Xiaoting, Sun Yuhui, Tian Xi, Liu Huaqing
School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
Front Nutr. 2025 Jun 26;12:1603835. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1603835. eCollection 2025.
Excessive salt intake is a public health issue, posing considerable risks to individuals' health. Various salt reduction strategies are being implemented globally. Nutrition literacy (NL) enables people to make well-informed food decisions that impact their well-being. Individual's behavior is primarily shaped by their intentions, which, in turn, are influenced by their knowledge and attitudes regarding the action. The current study aims to estimate the relationships between NL and salt reduction measures and examine whether the intention to reduce salt intake mediates these relationships.
This is a cross-sectional study conducted among adults in Bengbu, China. NL was assessed using a twelve-item short-form NL scale. Salt reduction measures and intention were identified through questionnaires. A binary logistic regression model was applied to calculate the odds ratio () and 95% confidence interval () for this association.
Overall, 50.7% of participants indicated implementing salt reduction measures, with 32.5% indicating a strong intention to do so. NL showed a significant positive association with the salt reduction intention ( = 1.07, 95% : 1.06-1.09) and measures ( = 1.06, 95% :1.04-1.07). This association was particularly evident in checking nutritional labels for sodium content ( = 1.08, 95% : 1.05-1.10), using low-sodium salt ( = 1.06, 95% : 1.04-1.08), and using salt-restriction tools ( = 1.05, 95% : 1.03-1.07). And, the salt reduction intention (mediation effect ratio = 66.7%) mediated the relationship between NL and salt reduction measures.
NL is positively associated with salt reduction measures, and salt reduction intention partially mediate their associations. These findings underscore the need for NL-targeted interventions or programs that enhance individuals' intention to adopt salt reduction measures within the Chinese population.
过量摄入盐是一个公共卫生问题，对个人健康构成相当大的风险。全球正在实施各种减盐策略。营养素养使人们能够做出明智的食物决策，从而影响他们的健康。个体的行为主要由其意图塑造，而意图又受到他们对该行为的知识和态度的影响。本研究旨在评估营养素养与减盐措施之间的关系，并检验减少盐摄入量的意图是否介导了这些关系。
这是一项在中国蚌埠成年人中进行的横断面研究。使用一个包含12个条目的简短营养素养量表评估营养素养。通过问卷调查确定减盐措施和意图。应用二元逻辑回归模型计算该关联的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
总体而言，50.7%的参与者表示采取了减盐措施，32.5%的参与者表示有强烈的减盐意图。营养素养与减盐意图（OR = 1.07，95%CI：1.06 - 1.09）和措施（OR = 1.06，95%CI：1.04 - 1.07）呈显著正相关。这种关联在查看钠含量营养标签（OR = 1.08，95%CI：1.05 - 1.10）、使用低钠盐（OR = 1.06，95%CI：1.04 - 1.08）和使用限盐工具（OR = 1.05，95%CI：1.03 - 1.07）方面尤为明显。并且，减盐意图（中介效应比 = 66.7%）介导了营养素养与减盐措施之间的关系。
营养素养与减盐措施呈正相关，减盐意图部分介导了它们之间的关联。这些发现强调了在中国人群中开展以营养素养为目标的干预措施或项目的必要性这些干预措施或项目可增强个人采取减盐措施的意图。
