Lee Sung Il, Kim Eun-Gyu, Yang Jae-Hyeong, Zhang Chang-Ik
Divsion of Marine Production System Management, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of South Korea.
Division of Marine Production Management, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of South Korea.
PeerJ. 2025 Jul 7;13:e19602. doi: 10.7717/peerj.19602. eCollection 2025.
The yield per recruit (YPR) model developed by Berverton & Holt in 1957 is widely used to determine the optimal age at first capture ( ) and optimal fishing intensity ( ) for the sustainable use of fish stocks. The YPR model is mainly applied to fishing gears, including trawlers and Danish seines, as individual gear types. In practice, fishery resources are predominantly harvested using multiple fishing gears rather than using a single fishing gear, with selectivity differing among the various gears employed. Therefore, management reference points, such as or , should be derived from stock assessments that account for multiple fishing gears and their respective selectivity. In this study, the traditional (single-gear) YPR and spawning biomass per recruit (SBPR) models were modified into multi-gear YPR and SBPR models to assess the stock status of fish species caught using multiple fishing gears with different selectivities. The modified models were applied to sailfin sandfish () stocks, primarily caught by the East Sea mid-sized Danish seine and coastal gillnet fisheries in Korean waters. The results showed that the optimal fishing intensities ( , ) were higher for the multi-gear model than those for the single-gear model. The optimal fishing intensities of the multi-gear model considered the different selectivities and fishing intensities of multiple fishing gears; therefore, the estimation results of this model provided a more accurate assessment of the stock status of the sandfish. The optimal fishing intensity derived from the traditional (single-gear) model was underestimated because it considered only one fishing gear. Consequently, employing this fishing intensity for resource management poses a risk of overfishing. In the sensitivity analysis of the main parameters used in the multi-gear models, the natural mortality () and growth () coefficients resulted in YPR exhibiting greater sensitivity than SBPR in response to variations in and . Furthermore, YPR demonstrated a greater sensitivity to variations in than those in .
1957年由Beverton和Holt开发的单位补充量产量（YPR）模型被广泛用于确定首次捕捞的最佳年龄（ ）和最佳捕捞强度（ ），以实现鱼类资源的可持续利用。YPR模型主要应用于拖网渔船和丹麦围网等不同类型的渔具。实际上，渔业资源主要是通过多种渔具而非单一渔具进行捕捞的，不同渔具的选择性各不相同。因此，诸如 或 等管理参考点应从考虑多种渔具及其各自选择性的资源评估中得出。在本研究中，将传统的（单渔具）YPR和单位补充量产卵生物量（SBPR）模型修改为多渔具YPR和SBPR模型，以评估使用具有不同选择性的多种渔具捕捞的鱼类种群状况。修改后的模型应用于主要由韩国海域东海中型丹麦围网渔业和沿海刺网渔业捕捞的帆鳍沙鱼（ ）种群。结果表明，多渔具模型的最佳捕捞强度（ ， ）高于单渔具模型。多渔具模型的最佳捕捞强度考虑了多种渔具的不同选择性和捕捞强度；因此，该模型的估计结果能更准确地评估沙鱼的种群状况。传统（单渔具）模型得出的最佳捕捞强度被低估了，因为它只考虑了一种渔具。因此，采用这种捕捞强度进行资源管理存在过度捕捞的风险。在多渔具模型中使用的主要参数的敏感性分析中，自然死亡率（ ）和生长（ ）系数导致YPR对 和 的变化表现出比SBPR更高的敏感性。此外，YPR对 的变化比对 的变化表现出更高的敏感性。
