Mohammadian Kiana, Asayesh Melika, Fakhar Fatemeh, Keramat Shayan, Stanek Agata
Division of Hematology and Blood Banking, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Hamedan University of Medical Science, Hamedan 65319, Iran.
Cells. 2025 Jul 4;14(13):1023. doi: 10.3390/cells14131023.
Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are chronic, heterogeneous conditions developing from an aberrant immune response, impacting particular organs or multiple systems. This systematic review attempted to investigate and evaluate the correlation between autoimmune diseases and cardiovascular disease (CVD), emphasizing immunological and pathophysiological mechanisms. A comprehensive search for relevant research was conducted on the PubMed, SCOPUS, and ScienceDirect databases, resulting in the identification of 28 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Of the cohort studies, 26 (92.8%) demonstrated a significant association between autoimmune diseases and increased cardiovascular risk. The major mechanisms include chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and immune cell dysregulation. Essential biological components, including T cells, B cells, and neutrophils, were identified as contributors to atherosclerotic processes through cytokine secretion, expression of adhesion molecules, and thrombogenic activity. In contrast, two studies (7.1%) found no statistically significant association. In conclusion, autoimmune diseases significantly increase cardiovascular risk through complicated immunological mechanisms. Comprehending these pathways could influence future therapeutic approaches to reduce cardiovascular complications in affected patients.
自身免疫性疾病（AIDs）是由异常免疫反应引发的慢性、异质性疾病，会影响特定器官或多个系统。本系统综述试图研究和评估自身免疫性疾病与心血管疾病（CVD）之间的相关性，重点关注免疫和病理生理机制。我们在PubMed、SCOPUS和ScienceDirect数据库中全面检索了相关研究，最终确定了28项符合纳入标准的研究。在队列研究中，26项（92.8%）表明自身免疫性疾病与心血管风险增加之间存在显著关联。主要机制包括慢性炎症、内皮功能障碍、氧化应激和免疫细胞失调。通过细胞因子分泌、黏附分子表达和血栓形成活性，包括T细胞、B细胞和中性粒细胞在内的重要生物成分被确定为动脉粥样硬化进程的促成因素。相比之下，两项研究（7.1%）未发现统计学上的显著关联。总之，自身免疫性疾病通过复杂的免疫机制显著增加心血管风险。了解这些途径可能会影响未来减少受影响患者心血管并发症的治疗方法。
