Liu Caijuan, Zhang Yinbo, Cao Xiaowen, Chen Zhimin
Department of cataract, Hebei Eye Hospital, Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Hebei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xingtai, China.
Shijiazhuang Medical Department, Hebei Eye Hospital, Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Hebei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China.
Eye (Lond). 2025 Jul 11. doi: 10.1038/s41433-025-03910-2.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of cataract in adults. However, the evidence remains inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to clarify this potential association.
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to July 31, 2024, for observational studies evaluating the association between MetS and cataract. Data were pooled using a random-effects model to calculate risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed with the Cochrane Q test and I² statistics. Subgroup analyses were performed based on study characteristics.
Ten studies with 379,464 participants were included. The meta-analysis showed that MetS was significantly associated with an increased risk of cataract (RR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.16-1.41, p < 0.001; I² = 90%). Subgroup analyses indicated that the association was stronger in participants aged ≥57 years compared to those <57 years (p for subgroup difference <0.001) and in studies using the International Diabetes Federation criteria for MetS diagnosis compared to the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria (p for subgroup difference <0.001). No significant differences were found by geographic region, sex, or cataract types. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. Egger's regression test showed no significant publication bias (p = 0.44).
MetS is associated with an increased risk of cataract in adults, particularly in older populations. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and develop prevention strategies.
代谢综合征（MetS）被认为与成年人患白内障的风险增加有关。然而，证据仍不确凿。本荟萃分析旨在阐明这种潜在关联。
我们对截至2024年7月31日的PubMed、Embase和Web of Science进行了系统检索，以查找评估MetS与白内障关联的观察性研究。使用随机效应模型汇总数据，计算风险比（RR）及95%置信区间（CI）。采用Cochrane Q检验和I²统计量评估异质性。根据研究特征进行亚组分析。
纳入了10项研究，共379,464名参与者。荟萃分析表明，MetS与白内障风险增加显著相关（RR：1.28，95% CI：1.16 - 1.41，p < 0.001；I² = 90%）。亚组分析表明，与年龄<57岁的参与者相比，年龄≥57岁的参与者中这种关联更强（亚组差异p < 0.001），并且与使用美国国家胆固醇教育计划标准相比，使用国际糖尿病联盟标准诊断MetS的研究中这种关联更强（亚组差异p < 0.001）。在地理区域、性别或白内障类型方面未发现显著差异。敏感性分析证实了这些发现的稳健性。Egger回归检验显示无显著发表偏倚（p = 0.44）。
MetS与成年人患白内障的风险增加有关，尤其是在老年人群中。需要进一步研究以探索潜在机制并制定预防策略。
