Wen Xiaolu, Wu Qiwen, Gao Kaiguo, Yang Xuefen, Xiao Hao, Jiang Zongyong, Wang Li
Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou 510640, China.
State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Jun 23;15(13):1850. doi: 10.3390/ani15131850.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary ISF:SF ratio on reproductive performance, biochemical parameters, colostrum composition, and fecal microbial composition in gestating sows. A total of 30 multiparous sows were randomly allocated to three dietary treatment groups: 8% inulin diet (ISF:SF 1.14, Inulin group), 8% cotton fiber diet (ISF:SF 6.61, Cotton group), and 4% inulin + 4% cotton fiber diet (ISF:SF 2.37, Inulin + Cotton group). The results showed that, compared to the other groups, the Inulin group had a significantly higher number of piglets born alive, as well as increased plasma concentrations of acetic acid, butyric acid, hexanoic acid, and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) ( < 0.05). Sows in the Inulin group had significantly lower fecal scores than those in the other groups from days 81 to 85 and from days 106 to 110 of gestation ( < 0.05). On day 90 of gestation, the serum levels of albumin, urea, uric acid, calcium, and phosphorus in the Inulin group were significantly lower than those in the other groups ( < 0.05). Additionally, the serum levels of triacylglycerol in the Inulin + Cotton Fiber group were significantly higher than those in the other groups ( < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in serum concentrations of total protein, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, or LDL-cholesterol among the treatments ( > 0.05). On day 110 of gestation, the serum content of urea, uric acid, calcium, and phosphorus in the Inulin group was significantly lower than those in the other groups ( < 0.05). Furthermore, the plasma levels of uric acid, triacylglycerol, and HDL-cholesterol in the Inulin + Cotton Fiber group were significantly higher than those in the Cotton Fiber group ( < 0.05), while the creatinine levels in the Inulin group were higher than those in the other groups ( < 0.05). No differences were observed in the composition and immune performance of colostrum ( > 0.05). Microbial sequencing analysis showed that dietary inulin supplementation to increase the proportion of soluble fiber significantly decreased the abundance of Firmicutes, Clostridia, Clostridiales, Lachnospiraceae, Streptococcaceae, and ( < 0.05). The abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing microorganisms-Bacteroidetes, Bacteroidia, Bacteroidales, and Muribaculaceae-was significantly increased ( < 0.05). The results indicated that inulin supplementation decreased the dietary ISF:SF ratio, significantly alleviated constipation in sows, increased the number of piglets born alive, regulated intestinal microecology, and increased the plasma concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetic, propionic, and butyric acids.
本研究旨在探讨日粮中不溶性纤维（ISF）与可溶性纤维（SF）比例对妊娠母猪繁殖性能、生化参数、初乳成分及粪便微生物组成的影响。总共30头经产母猪被随机分为三个日粮处理组：8%菊粉日粮组（ISF:SF为1.14，菊粉组）、8%棉纤维日粮组（ISF:SF为6.61，棉纤维组）和4%菊粉 + 4%棉纤维日粮组（ISF:SF为2.37，菊粉 + 棉纤维组）。结果表明，与其他组相比，菊粉组的产活仔数显著更高，同时血浆中乙酸、丁酸、己酸和总短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的浓度也有所增加（P<0.05）。从妊娠第81天至85天以及第106天至110天，菊粉组母猪的粪便评分显著低于其他组（P<0.05）。在妊娠第90天，菊粉组的血清白蛋白、尿素、尿酸、钙和磷水平显著低于其他组（P<0.05）。此外，菊粉 + 棉纤维组的血清甘油三酯水平显著高于其他组（P<0.05）。然而，各处理组之间血清总蛋白、肌酐、葡萄糖、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇或低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度无显著差异（P>0.05）。在妊娠第110天，菊粉组的血清尿素、尿酸、钙和磷含量显著低于其他组（P<0.05）。此外，菊粉 + 棉纤维组的血浆尿酸、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著高于棉纤维组（P<0.05），而菊粉组的肌酐水平高于其他组（P<0.05）。初乳的组成和免疫性能未观察到差异（P>0.05）。微生物测序分析表明，日粮中添加菊粉以增加可溶性纤维比例显著降低了厚壁菌门、梭菌纲、梭菌目、毛螺菌科、链球菌科等的丰度（P<0.05）。产生短链脂肪酸的微生物——拟杆菌门、拟杆菌纲、拟杆菌目和毛螺菌科的丰度显著增加（P<0.05）。结果表明，添加菊粉降低了日粮ISF:SF比例，显著缓解了母猪便秘，增加了产活仔数，调节了肠道微生态，并增加了包括乙酸、丙酸和丁酸在内的短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的血浆浓度。
