Savdenbekova Balzhan, Sailau Aruzhan, Seidulayeva Ayazhan, Bekissanova Zhanar, Jumagaziyeva Ardak, Nemkayeva Renata
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan.
Center of Physical-Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Jun 27;17(13):1789. doi: 10.3390/polym17131789.
The development of antibacterial coatings for biomedical applications is crucial to prevent implant-associated infections (IAIs). In this study, we designed and evaluated a multilayer coating based on chitosan (CHI), polyacrylic acid (PAA), and triclosan (TCS) using the layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique. The successful incorporation of TCS was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Surface roughness and topography were analyzed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Additionally, the pH-dependent behavior of PAA/CHI films was studied to assess its effect on TCS loading. According to disk diffusion assays, coatings assembled at pH 5 (PAA5/CHI5/TCS) exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones of 60.0 ± 0.0 mm for and 33.67 ± 1.5 mm for . The long-term stability of the coatings was evaluated by measuring the antibacterial activity after 1, 10, 20, 30, and 40 days, with results confirming that antimicrobial properties and structural integrity were preserved over time. Furthermore, TCS release kinetics were assessed under physiological (pH 7.4) and acidic (pH 5.5) conditions, revealing enhanced release at pH 5.5. These findings highlight the potential of this multilayer system for biomedical applications requiring both stability and pH-responsive drug release.
开发用于生物医学应用的抗菌涂层对于预防植入相关感染（IAIs）至关重要。在本研究中，我们使用层层（LbL）自组装技术设计并评估了一种基于壳聚糖（CHI）、聚丙烯酸（PAA）和三氯生（TCS）的多层涂层。通过傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱证实了TCS的成功掺入。使用原子力显微镜（AFM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析了表面粗糙度和形貌。此外，研究了PAA/CHI薄膜的pH依赖性行为，以评估其对TCS负载的影响。根据纸片扩散试验，在pH 5下组装的涂层（PAA5/CHI5/TCS）表现出最强的抗菌活性，对[具体细菌1]的抑菌圈为60.0±0.0 mm，对[具体细菌2]的抑菌圈为33.67±1.5 mm。通过测量1、10、20、30和40天后的抗菌活性来评估涂层的长期稳定性，结果证实抗菌性能和结构完整性随时间得以保持。此外，在生理（pH 7.4）和酸性（pH 5.5）条件下评估了TCS的释放动力学，发现在pH 5.5时释放增强。这些发现突出了这种多层系统在需要稳定性和pH响应性药物释放的生物医学应用中的潜力。
