Stavarache Ioan Emanuel, Cernomaz Tudor Andrei, Grosu-Creangă Ionela Alina, Trofor Antigona
Discipline of Pneumology, III-rd Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, "Apollonia" University of Iaşi, 700511 Iași, Romania.
J Clin Med. 2025 Jul 4;14(13):4755. doi: 10.3390/jcm14134755.
Limited data exist on the underlying physiological phenomena of aerobic training; the impulse oscillometry method, allowing the assessment of small airways and lung periphery in addition to standard lung function testing, might be a useful addition to rehabilitation programs. This study aimed to determine the immediate effect of a structured low-intensity aerobic training program on small airway function in healthy volunteers to explore potential implications for long-term COPD care. Thirty-six healthy volunteers were recruited between May 2024 and January 2025; each participant underwent a lung function testing session, followed by low/moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, and, after 15 min, by a second impulse oscillometry assessment. There was a statistically significant reduction in airway resistance following the physical exertion for the whole group (mean difference 0.03 kPa/L/s, 95%CI 0-0.6 kPa/L/s); significantly lower values were recorded for the reactance component X5 (0.02 kPa/L/s, 95%CI 0-0.4 kPa/L/s) for the normal weight subgoup ( = 24). These results, corroborated with literature data, suggest optimization of the distribution of the airflow and possibly alteration of the elastic properties of the thoracic structures following even low-intensity effort. Low-intensity upper body strength and aerobic training seem to have an immediate respiratory beneficial effect on healthy volunteers manifested as a reduction in airway resistance. The underlying mechanism might be related to improved contractility of respiratory muscles, but changes in lung parenchyma elasticity may also be involved, possibly reflecting modifications of ventilation heterogeneity. Impulse oscillometry may be superior to spirometry in monitoring the effects of aerobic training, considering the additional data it provides, and could be used to optimize and personalize rehabilitation protocols.
关于有氧训练潜在生理现象的数据有限；除了标准肺功能测试外，脉冲振荡法还可用于评估小气道和肺周边情况，这可能是康复计划的有益补充。本研究旨在确定结构化低强度有氧训练计划对健康志愿者小气道功能的即时影响，以探索其对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）长期护理的潜在意义。在2024年5月至2025年1月期间招募了36名健康志愿者；每位参与者都进行了一次肺功能测试，随后进行低/中等强度的有氧运动，15分钟后进行第二次脉冲振荡法评估。整个组在体力消耗后气道阻力有统计学意义的降低（平均差异0.03 kPa/L/s，95%置信区间0 - 0.6 kPa/L/s）；正常体重亚组（n = 24）的电抗成分X5记录到显著更低的值（0.02 kPa/L/s，95%置信区间0 - 0.4 kPa/L/s）。这些结果与文献数据一致，表明即使是低强度运动后，气流分布得到优化，胸廓结构的弹性特性可能也发生了改变。低强度上身力量和有氧训练似乎对健康志愿者有即时的呼吸有益作用，表现为气道阻力降低。潜在机制可能与呼吸肌收缩力改善有关，但肺实质弹性的变化也可能参与其中，这可能反映了通气异质性的改变。考虑到脉冲振荡法提供的额外数据，在监测有氧训练效果方面可能优于肺活量测定法，可用于优化和个性化康复方案。
