Wallach Leah A, Thomas Connor D, Li Pulin
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Curr Opin Biomed Eng. 2024 Dec;32. doi: 10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100554. Epub 2024 Aug 24.
Tissue patterning, the process of localizing different cell types to the right place, is critical for tissue function and thus a central goal for tissue engineering. Developing embryos employ diverse cell interaction-based mechanisms to robustly pattern tissues, such as specifying different regions of the central nervous system and aligning all the hair cells in the inner ear. These events range in lengthscale and must all be specified with cell-level precision, imposing challenges for recreating such patterns using conventional engineering approaches. Synthetic developmental biology as an emerging field provides a complementary approach for patterning tissues, by harnessing the molecular mechanisms used by natural tissues to program self-organizing behavior of the cells. Here we review advances in adapting these modules to program cells in culture. These modules could potentially be used for biomedical tissue engineering, as a complement to existing methods for generating morphologically complex multi-cell-type tissues .
组织图案化，即将不同细胞类型定位到正确位置的过程，对于组织功能至关重要，因此是组织工程的核心目标。发育中的胚胎采用多种基于细胞相互作用的机制来强有力地构建组织图案，比如确定中枢神经系统的不同区域以及排列内耳中的所有毛细胞。这些事件在长度尺度上各不相同，并且都必须以细胞水平的精度来确定，这给使用传统工程方法重现此类图案带来了挑战。合成发育生物学作为一个新兴领域，通过利用天然组织用于编程细胞自组织行为的分子机制，为构建组织图案提供了一种补充方法。在此，我们综述了在调整这些模块以对培养中的细胞进行编程方面取得的进展。这些模块有可能用于生物医学组织工程，作为生成形态复杂的多细胞类型组织的现有方法的补充。
