Arunmas Ekabhop, Rodklongtan Akkaratch, Chitprasert Pakamon
Technological Innovation of Probiotics and Plant Extracts for Functional Food Special Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Technological Innovation of Probiotics and Plant Extracts for Functional Food Special Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Bioresour Technol. 2025 Nov;436:132988. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132988. Epub 2025 Jul 14.
Conventional hydrotropic extraction often suffers from poor lignin-carbohydrate separation, high solvent use, and lengthy processing. To resolve these issues, this study applied accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) assisted by sodium xylenesulfonate (SXS). Three variables, SXS concentration (10 % w/v and 20 % w/v), extraction temperature (180 °C and 200 °C), and time (1 h and 3 h), were optimized to assess their effects on lignin extraction efficiency, purity, structure, and bioactivity. At 20 % SXS and 200 °C for 1 h, extraction efficiency peaked (66.18 %) but lignin purity was lowered by carbohydrate contamination (16.82 %). In comparison, the condition of 10 % SXS at 200 °C for 3 h provided a better balance, yielding lignin with high purity (97.61 %) despite its lower extraction efficiency (9.58 %), along with a lower weight-average molecular weight (M: 2,100 Da) and extensive β-O-4 bond cleavage, with the lowest residual linkage content (8.82 per 100 aromatic units). An elevated syringyl-to-guaiacyl ratio reflected the preferential release of β-O-4-labile syringyl units. This lignin showed high phenolic (3.31 mmol/g) and carboxyl (0.59 mmol/g) contents. With ABTS and DPPH values of 1105.70 and 939.85 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/g, respectively, the lignin showed strong antioxidant properties and inhibited pathogenic bacteria at MICs of 0.156-2.5 mg/mL. The MIC against probioticLimosilactobacillus reuteriKUB-AC5 was 1.25 mg/mL. Alkaline-extracted lignin had a higher molecular weight (4,100 Da) but showed reduced antioxidant activity (ABTS: 322.66 and DPPH: 274.26 mg TE/g) and higher MICs (1.25-10 mg/mL), indicating weaker antibacterial effects compared to optimized ASE-SXS lignin.These results affirm the functional advantages of lignin obtained via optimized ASE-SXS extraction.
传统的水溶助长提取法常常存在木质素与碳水化合物分离效果差、溶剂用量大以及加工时间长等问题。为了解决这些问题，本研究采用了二甲苯磺酸钠（SXS）辅助的加速溶剂萃取（ASE）法。对三个变量进行了优化，即SXS浓度（10% w/v和20% w/v）、萃取温度（180℃和200℃）以及时间（1小时和3小时），以评估它们对木质素提取效率、纯度、结构和生物活性的影响。在20% SXS、200℃条件下萃取1小时，提取效率达到峰值（66.18%），但木质素纯度因碳水化合物污染而降低（16.82%）。相比之下，10% SXS、200℃条件下萃取3小时的情况提供了更好的平衡，尽管提取效率较低（9.58%），但得到的木质素纯度较高（97.61%），同时重均分子量较低（M：2100 Da），β-O-4键大量断裂，残余连接含量最低（每100个芳香单元中8.82个）。紫丁香基与愈创木基比率升高反映了β-O-4不稳定的紫丁香基单元优先释放。这种木质素显示出较高的酚含量（3.31 mmol/g）和羧基含量（0.59 mmol/g）。ABTS和DPPH值分别为1105.70和939.85 mg Trolox当量（TE）/g，该木质素表现出很强的抗氧化性能，对病原菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为0.156 - 2.5 mg/mL。对益生菌罗伊氏乳杆菌KUB - AC5的MIC为1.25 mg/mL。碱提取木质素的分子量较高（4100 Da），但抗氧化活性降低（ABTS：322.66和DPPH：274.26 mg TE/g），MIC较高（1.25 - 10 mg/mL），表明与优化的ASE - SXS木质素相比，其抗菌效果较弱。这些结果证实了通过优化的ASE - SXS提取获得的木质素的功能优势。
