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美国：摄入生牛奶后从猫尿液中分离出高致病性甲型禽流感病毒（H5N1）

Isolation of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus from Cat Urine after Raw Milk Ingestion, United States.

作者信息

Frye Elisha A, Nooruzzaman Mohammed, Cronk Brittany, Laverack Melissa, de Oliveira Pablo Sebastian Britto, Caserta Leonardo C, Lejeune Manigandan, Diel Diego G

出版信息

Emerg Infect Dis. 2025 Aug;31(8):1636-1639. doi: 10.3201/eid3108.250309. Epub 2025 Jul 16.

DOI:10.3201/eid3108.250309
PMID:40669840
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12309769/
Abstract

In 2024, 3 domestic cats in California, USA consumed raw milk contaminated with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus. Fever and neurologic signs developed; 2 cats died. The surviving cat's urine tested positive for H5N1 virus by reverse transcription PCR. Raw dairy products pose a risk to both animal and human health.

摘要

2024年，美国加利福尼亚州的3只家猫食用了被高致病性甲型禽流感病毒（H5N1）污染的生牛奶。它们出现了发热和神经症状；2只猫死亡。存活猫的尿液经逆转录聚合酶链反应检测，H5N1病毒呈阳性。生乳制品对动物和人类健康均构成风险。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/39a9/12309769/9b6c54b8d230/25-0309-F2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/39a9/12309769/787279017910/25-0309-F1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/39a9/12309769/9b6c54b8d230/25-0309-F2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/39a9/12309769/787279017910/25-0309-F1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/39a9/12309769/9b6c54b8d230/25-0309-F2.jpg

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本文引用的文献

1
The impact of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus infection on dairy cows.高致病性禽流感H5N1病毒感染对奶牛的影响。
Nat Commun. 2025 Jul 15;16(1):6520. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-61553-z.
2
Distribution of lesions and detection of influenza A(H5N1) virus, clade 2.3.4.4b, in ante- and postmortem samples from naturally infected domestic cats on U.S. dairy farms.美国奶牛场自然感染家猫的生前和死后样本中2.3.4.4b分支甲型流感病毒（H5N1）的病变分布及检测
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Marked neurotropism and potential adaptation of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4.b virus in naturally infected domestic cats.
H5N1 2.3.4.4.b分支病毒在自然感染家猫中的显著嗜神经性及潜在适应性
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2025 Dec;14(1):2440498. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2440498. Epub 2024 Dec 17.
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Spillover of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus to dairy cattle.高致病性禽流感 H5N1 病毒向奶牛的溢出。
Nature. 2024 Oct;634(8034):669-676. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-07849-4. Epub 2024 Jul 25.
5
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus Infection in Domestic Dairy Cattle and Cats, United States, 2024.美国 2024 年家养奶牛和猫感染高致病性禽流感 A(H5N1) 病毒 2.3.4.4b 分支
Emerg Infect Dis. 2024 Jul;30(7):1335-1343. doi: 10.3201/eid3007.240508. Epub 2024 Apr 29.
6
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Clade 2.3.4.4b Infections in Wild Terrestrial Mammals, United States, 2022.2022 年美国野生陆地哺乳动物中感染的高致病性禽流感 A(H5N1)病毒 2.3.4.4b 属。
Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 Dec;29(12):2451-2460. doi: 10.3201/eid2912.230464.
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Naturally occurring highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b infection in three domestic cats in North America during 2023.北美 2023 年 3 例家养猫感染 H5N1 禽流感病毒 2.3.4.4b 分支
J Comp Pathol. 2023 Aug;205:17-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2023.07.001. Epub 2023 Aug 14.