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社区卫生工作者:在美国公共卫生痴呆防治工作中不断发展的角色

Community health workers: developing roles in public health dementia efforts in the United States.

作者信息

Johnson Elma, Lewis Mickal, Nordyke Alexandra, Lee Matthew, Roberts Shelby, Gaugler Joseph E, Borson Soo

机构信息

School of Public Health, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, United States.

BOLD Public Health Center of Excellence on Dementia Caregiving, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, United States.

出版信息

Front Public Health. 2025 Jul 2;13:1616404. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1616404. eCollection 2025.

Abstract

Community Health Workers (CHWs) are a growing part of the healthcare workforce. Trusted in their communities, CHWs can provide essential health education and connection with culturally responsive health and support resources and programs. Despite their demonstrated effectiveness in improving outcomes in other chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, HIV, and pediatric asthma, CHWs have been underutilized in dementia-related efforts. Properly equipped with education and skills, CHWs can fill important gaps throughout the dementia care continuum, strengthening public health efforts to support people with dementia and their families, especially in populations at higher risk such as African American, Latino and American Indian/Alaska Native groups. We outline key roles CHWs can play throughout the continuum of dementia care, improving brain health and reducing dementia risk at all life stages, such as improving early detection of cognitive impairment and helping caregivers navigate the daily challenges of dementia care in the community setting. Finally, we highlight key actions public health can lead to support the development of a dementia-capable workforce nationwide.

摘要

社区卫生工作者(CHWs)在医疗保健劳动力中所占比例日益增加。作为社区中值得信赖的群体,CHWs能够提供至关重要的健康教育,并与具有文化适应性的健康及支持资源和项目建立联系。尽管CHWs在改善糖尿病、高血压、艾滋病毒和小儿哮喘等其他慢性病的治疗效果方面已证明其有效性,但在与痴呆症相关的工作中,CHWs的作用尚未得到充分发挥。若具备适当的教育和技能,CHWs可填补痴呆症护理连续过程中的重要空白,加强公共卫生工作,以支持痴呆症患者及其家人,尤其是在非裔美国人、拉丁裔和美国印第安/阿拉斯加原住民等高危人群中。我们概述了CHWs在痴呆症护理连续过程中可发挥的关键作用,即在生命的各个阶段改善大脑健康并降低痴呆症风险,例如提高对认知障碍的早期检测,并帮助护理人员应对社区环境中痴呆症护理的日常挑战。最后,我们强调了公共卫生可采取的关键行动,以支持在全国范围内培养一支具备痴呆症护理能力的劳动力队伍。

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