Österlund Jonas, Bodén Stina, Granåsen Gabriel, Ulfsdotter Richard Lundberg, Domellöf Magnus, Winberg Anna, Johansson Ingegerd, West Christina E
Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2025 Jul;36(7):e70148. doi: 10.1111/pai.70148.
Maternal diet during pregnancy is considered a potential modifiable risk factor for allergic diseases in offspring. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) is a tool to assess the inflammatory potential of the diet and has been suggested to be associated with offspring allergy development. Its association with food allergy and immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitization in children remains understudied.
This study analyzed 4709 mother-partner-child triads from the NorthPop Birth Cohort in Sweden. Maternal DII scores were calculated from a food frequency questionnaire administered at gestational week 34. Allergy outcomes at 18 months included parent-reported physician-diagnosed food allergy, parent-reported eczema and atopic eczema according to UK Working Party criteria, parent-reported ever wheeze, parent-reported physician-diagnosed asthma, and IgE sensitization to food and airborne allergens. Associations between maternal DII scores (continuous and quartiles) and allergic outcomes were assessed using logistic regression, adjusting for maternal age, allergic heredity, farm living, region of birth, siblings, and education.
At age 18 months, 4.9% of children had physician-diagnosed food allergy, 30.6% had eczema, 11.4% had atopic eczema, 15.9% reported ever wheeze, 4.1% had physician-diagnosed asthma, and 19% were IgE sensitized. No significant associations were found between maternal DII scores and the allergic outcomes of interest.
This large birth cohort study found no association between maternal DII during pregnancy and allergic diseases or IgE sensitization in 18-month-old children, suggesting that a proinflammatory diet during pregnancy does not influence early allergic outcomes. Further research is needed to clarify the role of maternal diet in offspring immune development.
孕期母亲的饮食被认为是后代过敏性疾病的一个潜在可改变风险因素。饮食炎症指数（DII）是一种评估饮食炎症潜力的工具，有人认为它与后代过敏的发生有关。其与儿童食物过敏和免疫球蛋白E（IgE）致敏之间的关联仍未得到充分研究。
本研究分析了瑞典NorthPop出生队列中的4709对母婴-儿童三联体。母亲的DII得分是根据孕34周时进行的食物频率问卷调查计算得出的。18个月时的过敏结局包括家长报告的医生诊断的食物过敏、家长报告的湿疹以及根据英国工作组标准诊断的特应性湿疹、家长报告的曾有喘息、家长报告的医生诊断的哮喘，以及对食物和空气传播过敏原的IgE致敏。使用逻辑回归评估母亲DII得分（连续变量和四分位数）与过敏结局之间的关联，并对母亲年龄、过敏遗传、农场生活、出生地区、兄弟姐妹和教育程度进行调整。
在18个月时，4.9%的儿童有医生诊断的食物过敏，30.6%有湿疹，11.4%有特应性湿疹，15.9%报告曾有喘息，4.1%有医生诊断的哮喘，19%有IgE致敏。未发现母亲DII得分与所关注的过敏结局之间存在显著关联。
这项大型出生队列研究发现，孕期母亲的DII与18个月大儿童的过敏性疾病或IgE致敏之间没有关联，这表明孕期促炎饮食不会影响早期过敏结局。需要进一步研究以阐明母亲饮食在后代免疫发育中的作用。
