Gou Rong, Su Wei-Ci, Huang Xian-Feng
School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
Guizhou Institute of Mountain Resources, Guiyang550001, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2025 Jul 8;46(7):4580-4591. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202406286.
Building a reasonable ecological security network is a key for the coordinated solution in the contradiction between ecological protection and economic development. Taking Guizhou Province with typical karst development and a weak ecological background as an example， the cultivated land protection scenario， ecological protection scenario， and natural development scenario in 2030 were simulated based on the PLUS model. According to the landscape ecological risk index， landscape ecological security zones were divided into different scenarios， ecological source areas were identified by the ecological security zoning results and the InVEST-MSPA model， and ecological corridors and ecological pinch points were extracted by the circuit theory， to form an ecological security network for Guizhou Province in 2020 and 2030. The results showed that： ① The mean values of landscape ecological risks in 2020 and 2030 were relatively small， but the spatial distribution of ecological security zones was quite different， and ecological risks were generally higher in the northwest and lower in the southeast. ② The spatial distribution of ecological source areas was greater in the southeast and less in the northwest， which was consistent with the ecological risk pattern. The ecological sources were mainly patches with high habitat quality and strong landscape connectivity. ③ The number of ecological corridors extracted in 2020 （current situation） and in the 2030 cultivated land protection scenario， ecological protection scenario， and natural development scenario were 126， 56， 113， and 126， respectively； the number of ecological pinch points identified were 107， 67， 104， and 168， respectively； and the numbers of obstacle points identified were 54， 24， 69， and 69， respectively. ④ Guizhou Province is one of the three leading demonstration provinces of ecological civilization construction in China， and the protection of the fragile ecological environment is highly restrictive to economic development. The landscape ecological risk under the natural development scenario was low， and the layout of ecological safety network was more realistic； thus， this scenario met the two-way needs of ecological protection and economic development in Guizhou Province. The research results can provide a scientific reference for the division of the ecological safety zone and ecological security control in Guizhou Province in the future.
构建合理的生态安全网络是协调解决生态保护与经济发展矛盾的关键。以喀斯特发育典型、生态背景脆弱的贵州省为例，基于PLUS模型模拟了2030年的耕地保护情景、生态保护情景和自然发展情景。依据景观生态风险指数，将不同情景下的景观生态安全区进行划分，利用生态安全分区结果和InVEST-MSPA模型识别生态源地，并通过电路理论提取生态廊道和生态夹点，构建了2020年和2030年贵州省生态安全网络。结果表明：①2020年和2030年景观生态风险均值较小，但生态安全区空间分布差异较大，生态风险总体上西北高东南低。②生态源地空间分布东南多西北少，与生态风险格局一致。生态源主要是生境质量高、景观连通性强的斑块。③2020年（现状）以及2030年耕地保护情景、生态保护情景和自然发展情景下提取的生态廊道数量分别为126条、56条、113条和126条；识别出的生态夹点数量分别为107个、67个、104个和168个；识别出的障碍点数量分别为54个、24个、69个和69个。④贵州省是中国生态文明建设的三个先行示范省份之一，脆弱生态环境的保护对经济发展的制约性较强。自然发展情景下景观生态风险较低，生态安全网络布局更具现实性，该情景满足了贵州省生态保护和经济发展的双向需求。研究结果可为未来贵州省生态安全区划分及生态安全管控提供科学参考。
