Kothari Rajesh, Kothari Vinita, Datta Abhirup, Tiwari Shubhi, Vaze Ameya
Emergency Medicine, Amaltas Hospital, Dewas, IND.
Pathology, Central Lab, Indore, IND.
Cureus. 2025 Jun 16;17(6):e86179. doi: 10.7759/cureus.86179. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) lead to huge mortality in the population under 70 years of age at a global level. A national program called the National Programme for Prevention and Control of NCDs (NPNCD), targeting mainly individuals over 30 years of age, has been launched in India. Nearly 200 million Indians are young adults (ages 18-30 years). The levels of modifiable risk factors in this young adult population, as well as the prevalence of NCDs, remain undocumented. We conducted this study to identify the extent of modifiable risk factors among individuals aged 18-30 years in Indore.
We conducted a cross-sectional study in Indore between 2023 and 2024. We planned to screen 10,000 young adults, based on a pre-calculated sample size table, by organizing camps in educational institutes. The paper-based tool collected data on sociodemography, behavioral risk factors, family history, dietary recall, and anthropometry. The samples were tested in a National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL)-accredited lab in Indore. The biochemical tests conducted were fasting blood glucose, total serum cholesterol, serum creatinine, and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT). We performed descriptive epidemiology and analyzed the data for correlation using the chi-square test.
The median (range) age of screened individuals was 20 (18-30) years. The median (IQR) BMI was 20 (18-22.4). Approximately 46% (4607) of individuals had elevated systolic blood pressure. Among females, 44% (2483) had elevated systolic blood pressure, whereas it was 50% (2199) among males. Abnormal blood glucose levels were observed in 4.0% (398), abnormal cholesterol levels in 5.3% (528), abnormal creatinine levels in 4.9% (491), and abnormal SGPT levels in 8.1% (809). The p-value for the correlation between tobacco consumption and elevated blood pressure, serum creatinine, serum cholesterol, and SGPT was <.05.
Approximately 25% of the screened individuals were classified as underweight, while fewer than 25% were overweight. About 50% exhibit hypertension, with a higher prevalence in males. Individuals who have elevated blood pressure, serum creatinine, cholesterol, and SGPT levels exhibit an increased likelihood of tobacco consumption. We need to screen more young adults for modifiable risk factors and develop strategies to help them in mitigating these risks.
在全球范围内，非传染性疾病（NCDs）导致70岁以下人群的死亡率极高。印度已启动一项名为“非传染性疾病预防与控制国家计划”（NPNCD）的国家计划，主要针对30岁以上的人群。近2亿印度人是年轻人（18 - 30岁）。这一年轻人群中可改变的风险因素水平以及非传染性疾病的患病率仍未得到记录。我们开展这项研究以确定印多尔18 - 30岁人群中可改变风险因素的程度。
我们于2023年至2024年在印多尔进行了一项横断面研究。根据预先计算的样本量表，我们计划通过在教育机构组织营地来筛查10000名年轻人。纸质工具收集了社会人口统计学、行为风险因素、家族史、饮食回忆和人体测量学数据。样本在印多尔一家获得国家测试和校准实验室认可委员会（NABL）认可的实验室进行检测。所进行的生化检测包括空腹血糖、总血清胆固醇、血清肌酐和血清谷丙转氨酶（SGPT）。我们进行了描述性流行病学分析，并使用卡方检验分析数据的相关性。
被筛查个体的年龄中位数（范围）为20（18 - 30）岁。体重指数（BMI）的中位数（四分位间距）为20（18 - 22.4）。约46%（4607）的个体收缩压升高。在女性中，44%（2483）收缩压升高，而男性中这一比例为50%（2199）。观察到4.0%（398）的个体血糖水平异常，5.3%（528）的个体胆固醇水平异常，4.9%（491）的个体肌酐水平异常，8.1%（809）的个体SGPT水平异常。烟草消费与血压升高、血清肌酐、血清胆固醇和SGPT之间相关性的p值小于0.05。
约25%的被筛查个体被归类为体重过轻，而超重的个体不到25%。约50%的个体患有高血压，男性患病率更高。血压、血清肌酐、胆固醇和SGPT水平升高的个体吸烟的可能性增加。我们需要对更多年轻人进行可改变风险因素的筛查，并制定策略帮助他们降低这些风险。
