Garcia Cecchin Hareli Fernanda, Murta Sheila Giardini
Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT, Palmas, TO, CEP 77001-090, Brazil.
Instituto de Psicologia - IP, Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasília, Brazil.
Psicol Reflex Crit. 2025 Jul 18;38(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s41155-025-00357-y.
Suicide among university students is a growing public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The university setting presents unique challenges and opportunities for implementing effective suicide prevention strategies. Despite the availability of various interventions, these efforts often fail to address the contextual and systemic factors that influence their success.
Investigate the elements that can support implementing actions to prevent suicide among university students. Using interviews, focus groups, and questionnaires, the study was conducted at a university in the North of Brazil.
These are 20 undergraduate students, 12 undergraduate course coordinators, 6 technical-administrative staff, and 12 health professionals.
Thematic analysis and the context and implementation of complex interventions (CICI) model were used to analyze the data.
Thematic analysis revealed that political and socioeconomic contexts-such as underfunded mental health services, lack of institutional coordination, and limited financial aid-were critical barriers. Key facilitators included social participation, teacher-student relationships, and actions that promote a welcoming university environment. Implementation concerns included the risk of stigmatization and the need for role clarity among university staff. Stakeholders proposed a range of interventions distributed across ecological, proactive, early, and crisis zones, emphasizing the need for mental health promotion, intersectoral collaboration, and collective program design.
Effective suicide prevention in universities requires a systemic approach that addresses prevention and treatment actions of suicidality. By leveraging the insights of multiple stakeholders and applying context-sensitive frameworks, universities can implement sustainable interventions. This study provides a road map for advancing suicide prevention efforts and illustrates ongoing and comprehensive actions to promote the mental health of university students.
大学生自杀问题日益引起公众对公共卫生的关注，在低收入和中等收入国家尤为如此。大学环境为实施有效的自杀预防策略带来了独特的挑战和机遇。尽管有各种干预措施，但这些努力往往未能解决影响其成功的背景和系统因素。
调查能够支持采取行动预防大学生自杀的因素。通过访谈、焦点小组和问卷调查，在巴西北部的一所大学开展了这项研究。
20名本科生、12名本科课程协调员、6名技术行政人员和12名卫生专业人员。
采用主题分析和复杂干预的背景与实施（CICI）模型对数据进行分析。
主题分析表明，政治和社会经济背景，如心理健康服务资金不足、缺乏机构协调以及经济援助有限等，是关键障碍。关键促进因素包括社会参与、师生关系以及营造友好大学环境的行动。实施方面的问题包括污名化风险以及大学工作人员角色明确的必要性。利益相关者提出了一系列分布在生态、积极主动、早期和危机领域的干预措施，强调了心理健康促进、部门间协作和集体项目设计的必要性。
大学中有效的自杀预防需要一种系统的方法，该方法要解决自杀行为的预防和治疗行动。通过利用多个利益相关者的见解并应用因地制宜的框架，大学可以实施可持续的干预措施。本研究为推进自杀预防工作提供了路线图，并说明了为促进大学生心理健康而正在开展的全面行动。
