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绝对定量脂质组学揭示了牦牛和德国西门塔尔牛乳脂肪球中的脂质差异。

Absolute quantitative Lipidomics reveals lipid differences in milk fat globules of yak and German Simmental cattle.

作者信息

Liu Yili, Wang Peng, Wang Kai, Li Yueyue, Ma Zifeng, Li Jian, Lan Daoliang, Han Liqiang, Fu Wei

机构信息

Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.

Sichuan Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Institute of Animal Husbandry Science, Kangding 626000, Sichuan, China.

出版信息

Food Chem X. 2025 Jun 23;29:102686. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102686. eCollection 2025 Jul.

DOI:10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102686
PMID:40686899
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12270805/
Abstract

Lipids in milk fat globules (MFGs) are critical for nutrition and health, and yak milk, rich in milk fat, is vital for herders. This study used absolute quantitative lipidomics to compare the differences in MFG lipids in mature milk between yak (Y) and German Simmental cattle (GS). Compared with GS, Y showed higher milk fat (5.37 ± 1.70 vs. 2.31 ± 1.27 %), larger MFG size ( : 8.69 vs. 4.31 μm). 2414 lipid species from 43 lipid subclasses in Y and GS were identified, and 187 significantly different lipids (SDLs; variable importance for the projection (VIP) > 1, fold change (FC) > 1.5 or < 0.67 with  < 0.05) were then screened out. TG(18:0_18:1_20:1), TG(18:1_18:3_18:3), Hex1Cer(d14:2_16:0), and TG(4:0_16:0_23:0) were potential lipid biomarkers. These SDLs involved 23 KEGG metabolic pathways, with sphingolipid metabolism being the most relevant. Our findings enhance understanding of MFG lipid differences between Y and GS, promote the development of functional yak milk product, and lay a quality identification foundation.

摘要

乳脂肪球（MFGs）中的脂质对营养和健康至关重要，富含乳脂肪的牦牛奶对牧民来说至关重要。本研究采用绝对定量脂质组学方法比较了牦牛（Y）和德国西门塔尔牛（GS）成熟乳中MFG脂质的差异。与GS相比，Y的乳脂肪含量更高（5.37±1.70%对2.31±1.27%），MFG尺寸更大（：8.69对4.31μm）。鉴定出Y和GS中43个脂质亚类的2414种脂质，然后筛选出187种显著差异脂质（SDLs；投影变量重要性（VIP）>1，倍数变化（FC）>1.5或<0.67且P<0.05）。TG(18:0_18:1_20:1)、TG(18:1_18:3_18:3)、Hex1Cer(d14:2_16:0)和TG(4:0_16:0_23:0)是潜在的脂质生物标志物。这些SDLs涉及23条KEGG代谢途径，其中鞘脂代谢最为相关。我们的研究结果增强了对Y和GS之间MFG脂质差异的理解，促进了功能性牦牛奶产品的开发，并奠定了质量鉴定基础。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/0468585e0fe6/gr8.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/bfb5c31f4163/gr1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/4fa898d0ce55/gr2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/de551eb20f8c/gr3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/d9a008021b9a/gr4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/86f73ff159e9/gr5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/3f3382273ba8/gr6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/21a41a71a95e/gr7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/0468585e0fe6/gr8.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/bfb5c31f4163/gr1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/4fa898d0ce55/gr2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/de551eb20f8c/gr3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/d9a008021b9a/gr4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/86f73ff159e9/gr5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/3f3382273ba8/gr6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/21a41a71a95e/gr7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2a52/12270805/0468585e0fe6/gr8.jpg

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