Electrospinning Nanofibers Combined with Blood-Derived Preparations in Bone Regeneration: Current Developments and Perspectives.

Autologous blood-derived preparations are enriched with growth factors (GFs) important for bone regeneration; however, the cytokines in blood-derived preparations are often released in bursts. Electrospinning nanofibers can mimic the structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and promote cellular osteogenesis. In recent years, techniques for combining autologous blood-derirved preparations and electrospinning nanofibers have been developed with the aim of slowing down the release of cytokines from blood-derived preparations, decreasing the rate of degradation of the nanomaterials, and facilitating intracellular and extracellular exchange of substances to provide a favorable microenvironment for bone regeneration. We review the application of different autologous blood-derived preparations in bone defects, focusing on dental bone defects. And then we summarize the existing techniques for electrospinning nanofibers preparation, and emphasize the application of blood-derived preparations combined with electrospinning techniques in bone tissue engineering (BTE). This approach is expected to provide a basis for the development of this technology in dental bone regeneration and offer theoretical support for its realization in clinic.