Gheita Tamer A, Emad Yasser, Saadany Hanan Mohamed, Ibrahim Amira M, El Shereef Rawhya R, Abdelgalil Khaled, Ismail Faten, Abady Wael A, Elwan Shereen, Abdellatif Eiman, Mohammed Fatma, ElBayumi Omnia, Hammam Osman, Tharwat Samar, Hammam Nevin
Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Gharbia, Egypt.
Open Access Rheumatol. 2025 Jul 14;17:135-146. doi: 10.2147/OARRR.S515325. eCollection 2025.
Primary Sjögren's Syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease that predominantly impacts the exocrine glands. It is characterized by a diverse clinical manifestation and the existence of various autoantibodies. There is a lack of studies assessing the primary pSS phenome driven by anti-Sjögren syndrome autoantibodies in Africa, particularly in Egypt.
This study aims to evaluate the clinical implications of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-Ro/anti-La autoantibodies in an Egyptian national cohort of pSS patients.
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of pSS patients, comparing clinical manifestations and disease severity based on serological profiles.
A total of 301 pSS patients (mean age: 45.6±10.2 years; F:M ratio 7.4:1) were included. Patients with positive ANA (59.5%) had a higher prevalence of anti-Ro (p=0.001) and anti-La (p=0.0001) antibodies, along with lower rates of dry eyes (p=0.04) and enlarged parotid glands (p=0.001). Corticosteroid and azathioprine use was more frequent in ANA-positive patients (p=0.017, p=0.003). Double-positive anti-Ro/anti-La patients exhibited higher rates of dry mouth (p=0.045), articular manifestations (p<0.0001), fibromyalgia (p=0.001), RF positivity (p<0.001), and C4 consumption (p<0.001).
Patients with pSS exhibit distinct clinical and laboratory profiles based on their autoantibody status, emphasizing the importance of immunological assessment for disease management.
原发性干燥综合征（pSS）是一种主要影响外分泌腺的全身性自身免疫性疾病。其临床表现多样，存在多种自身抗体。在非洲，尤其是埃及，缺乏评估由抗干燥综合征自身抗体驱动的原发性pSS表型的研究。
本研究旨在评估埃及全国pSS患者队列中抗核抗体（ANA）和抗Ro/抗La自身抗体的临床意义。
我们对pSS患者进行了横断面分析，根据血清学特征比较临床表现和疾病严重程度。
共纳入301例pSS患者（平均年龄：45.6±10.2岁；女性与男性比例为7.4:1）。ANA阳性患者（59.5%）抗Ro抗体（p=0.001）和抗La抗体（p=0.0001）的患病率更高，同时干眼（p=0.04）和腮腺肿大（p=0.001）的发生率较低。ANA阳性患者更频繁使用皮质类固醇和硫唑嘌呤（p=0.017，p=0.003）。抗Ro/抗La双阳性患者口干（p=0.045）、关节表现（p<0.0001）、纤维肌痛（p=0.001）、RF阳性（p<0.001）和C4消耗（p<0.001）的发生率更高。
pSS患者根据其自身抗体状态表现出不同的临床和实验室特征，强调了免疫评估对疾病管理的重要性。
