Janssens Uwe, Brod Torben, Hoffmann Florian, Pin Martin, Wrede Christian, Karagiannidis Christian, Walcher Felix, van den Hooven Thomas, Marx Gernot, Waydhas Christian
Klinik für Innere Medizin und Internistische Intensivmedizin, St.-Antonius-Hospital Eschweiler, Dechant-Deckers-Str. 8, 52249, Eschweiler, Deutschland.
Zentrale Notaufnahme, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland.
Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2025 Jul 21. doi: 10.1007/s00063-025-01299-0.
Adequate staffing, especially with physicians and emergency nursing staff, is essential for high-quality emergency care. The aim of this study was to compare the current staffing situation in German emergency departments with recommended standards.
A questionnaire was developed based on the minimum standards of the German Interdisciplinary Association for Intensive and Emergency Medicine and the German Society for Interdisciplinary Emergency and Acute Medicine. Both the actual staffing and the perceived adequacy were assessed. The anonymous online survey was sent via the joint emergency department registry to the management of 1008 emergency departments.
Between 1 June and 31 July 2023, 176 emergency departments (18% response rate) participated. Annual patient numbers ranged from 17,610 to 37,251 depending on the level of care. Qualified nursing and medical leadership was mostly present (about 90%, medical leadership in level 1: 68%). Continuous physician presence was 76%, specialist presence 50%. Specialists with additional emergency medicine training were available in level 1 (one physician) and in levels 2 and 3 (two physicians each). Only 50% of hospitals offered the full 24-month training period. A nurse-to-patient ratio of 1:1200 was met in 40-63% of departments; triage nurses met requirements in 54% of cases.
The survey shows that significant staffing deficits persist in German emergency departments at all levels of care-especially regarding the presence and qualifications of physicians, nursing staff, social services, and case management. At the same time, a positive trend in equipment, infrastructure, and staff qualifications is evident.
充足的人员配备，尤其是医生和急诊护理人员，对于高质量的急诊护理至关重要。本研究的目的是将德国急诊科目前的人员配备情况与推荐标准进行比较。
根据德国重症与急诊医学跨学科协会以及德国跨学科急诊与急性医学协会的最低标准制定了一份问卷。评估了实际人员配备情况以及感知到的充足程度。通过联合急诊科登记处向1008个急诊科的管理层发送了匿名在线调查问卷。
在2023年6月1日至7月31日期间，176个急诊科（回复率为18%）参与了调查。根据护理级别，每年的患者数量在17610至37251之间。合格的护理和医疗领导大多在场（约90%，一级护理中的医疗领导为68%）。医生持续在场率为76%，专科医生在场率为50%。一级护理中有一名接受过额外急诊医学培训的专科医生，二级和三级护理中各有两名。只有50%的医院提供完整的24个月培训期。40%至63%的科室达到了1:1200的护士与患者比例；分诊护士在54%的情况下符合要求。
调查显示，德国各级急诊科在人员配备方面仍存在严重不足，尤其是在医生、护理人员、社会服务和病例管理的在场情况和资质方面。与此同时，在设备、基础设施和人员资质方面呈现出积极趋势。
