Improved efficiency of two-step amplicon PCR using an acoustic liquid handler.

The improvement in next-generation sequencing technologies has reduced the costs of sequencing significantly. However, library preparation costs for amplicon sequencing have remained largely unchanged - which is ultimately the cost-limiting step in processing large numbers of microbiome samples. Acoustic liquid handlers can transfer volumes as low as 2.5 nl and have been used to miniaturize several different molecular and cellular assays, including single-step PCR amplicon library preparations. However, there are no current methods available for a two-step library preparation process using an acoustic liquid handler. In this study, we tested the efficiency of an acoustic liquid handler to automate the PCRs and library quantification while also incorporating automated library bead cleanup. We compared the material usage and costs for library preparation and sequencing results of this automated method to the standard, manual method. The automated protocol was able to reduce both PCR reaction volumes fivefold and increased efficiency for library preparation by ~32% without affecting bacterial community compositions. The associated increase in the efficiency of our automated method will allow for greater throughput in sequencing hundreds of microbiome samples without affecting the quality of those sequences.