Liang Xiang, Zhang Zhou, Fang Siya, Elayah Sadam Ahmed, Bai Le, Ahmadi Sina, Liu Jin, Xu Fangfang, Han Ying, Tu Junbo, Na Sijia
Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 West 5th Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China.
BMC Oral Health. 2025 Jul 21;25(1):1227. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06495-0.
This study aimed to investigate the regenerative potential of a novel three-dimensional, scaffold-free human periodontal ligament stem cell-derived cell pellet (PDLSC-CP) for bone tissue regeneration and alveolar ridge preservation. The study evaluated the efficacy of PDLSC-CP in vitro and in vivo, comparing it with traditional cell sheets (PDLSC-CS).
PDLSCs were isolated from extracted premolars and characterized for their mesenchymal stem cell properties, including fibroblast-like morphology, colony-forming ability, multilineage differentiation potential, and specific surface marker expression. PDLSC-CP and PDLSC-CS were constructed and compared through histomorphological, immunofluorescence, real-time PCR, and western blot analyses. In vivo evaluations were performed using rat calvarial defect models and canine alveolar ridge preservation models, with micro-CT and histological analyses to assess bone regeneration and ridge preservation.
PDLSC-CP demonstrated superior histomorphological characteristics, including higher cell density, richer extracellular matrix (ECM), and enhanced osteogenic potential compared to PDLSC-CS. In vitro analyses revealed significantly elevated expression of ECM proteins (fibronectin, collagen type I) and osteogenic markers in PDLSC-CP. In vivo evaluations confirmed its remarkable capacity for bone regeneration in rat calvarial defects and alveolar ridge preservation in canine models. Micro-CT and histological analyses showed that PDLSC-CP promoted extensive and dense new bone formation, with improved bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, and mineralization.
The findings highlight the therapeutic potential of PDLSC-CP as a promising tool for bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Its ability to enhance bone regeneration and alveolar ridge preservation underscores its clinical relevance.
本研究旨在探讨一种新型的三维、无支架的人牙周膜干细胞来源的细胞团块（PDLSC-CP）在骨组织再生和牙槽嵴保存方面的再生潜力。该研究评估了PDLSC-CP在体外和体内的功效，并将其与传统的细胞片（PDLSC-CS）进行比较。
从拔除的前磨牙中分离出PDLSCs，并对其间充质干细胞特性进行表征，包括成纤维细胞样形态、集落形成能力、多向分化潜能和特异性表面标志物表达。通过组织形态学、免疫荧光、实时PCR和蛋白质印迹分析构建并比较PDLSC-CP和PDLSC-CS。使用大鼠颅骨缺损模型和犬牙槽嵴保存模型进行体内评估，通过微型CT和组织学分析评估骨再生和牙槽嵴保存情况。
与PDLSC-CS相比，PDLSC-CP表现出更优异的组织形态学特征，包括更高的细胞密度、更丰富的细胞外基质（ECM）和更强的成骨潜力。体外分析显示，PDLSC-CP中ECM蛋白（纤连蛋白、I型胶原）和成骨标志物的表达显著升高。体内评估证实了其在大鼠颅骨缺损中显著的骨再生能力以及在犬模型中的牙槽嵴保存能力。微型CT和组织学分析表明，PDLSC-CP促进了广泛而致密的新骨形成，提高了骨体积分数、小梁厚度和矿化程度。
研究结果突出了PDLSC-CP作为骨组织工程和再生医学中一种有前景工具的治疗潜力。其增强骨再生和牙槽嵴保存的能力强调了其临床相关性。
