Fard Moghadam Nazanin, Hassani Azin, Khaninezhad Loghman
Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran, Islamic Republic of.
Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran, Islamic Republic of.
Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 2025 Jul 23;20(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s13010-025-00186-y.
Euthanasia is a polarizing topic in healthcare, particularly in Iran, where Islamic principles emphasizing the sanctity of life shape ethical perspectives. Understanding the attitudes of Iranian healthcare providers toward euthanasia and the factors influencing these views is critical, given the cultural and religious context. The primary objective of this study was to systematically identify and synthesize the key factors influencing healthcare providers' attitudes toward euthanasia in Iran.
Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Magiran, and SID databases up to March 10, 2025. Inclusion criteria encompassed observational studies reporting quantitative data on euthanasia attitudes among Iranian healthcare providers. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using the Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Due to heterogeneity in study designs and measurement tools, a narrative synthesis was performed.
Of 595 identified records, 36 studies involving 7,790 participants met inclusion criteria. Attitudes toward euthanasia were predominantly cautious or negative, with stronger opposition among older providers, females, and those with deep religious beliefs. Younger age, male gender, clinical experience, and exposure to terminal patients correlated with more positive attitudes. Religious and cultural factors, particularly Islamic teachings, were significant barriers to acceptance, while urban settings and higher education were linked to neutral or mixed views.
Iranian healthcare providers' attitudes toward euthanasia reflect a complex interplay of religious, cultural, and professional influences. These findings underscore the need for enhanced palliative care and ethical training in Iran's healthcare system to address end-of-life dilemmas while respecting cultural boundaries.
Not applicable.
安乐死是医疗保健领域一个极具争议的话题，在伊朗尤其如此，在那里强调生命神圣性的伊斯兰原则塑造了伦理观念。鉴于文化和宗教背景，了解伊朗医疗保健提供者对安乐死的态度以及影响这些观点的因素至关重要。本研究的主要目的是系统地识别和综合影响伊朗医疗保健提供者对安乐死态度的关键因素。
遵循PRISMA指南，截至2025年3月10日，在PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、Magiran和SID数据库中进行了系统检索。纳入标准包括报告伊朗医疗保健提供者对安乐死态度的定量数据的观察性研究。两名评审员独立筛选研究、提取数据，并使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的工具评估偏倚风险。由于研究设计和测量工具的异质性，进行了叙述性综合分析。
在595条识别出的记录中，36项研究涉及7790名参与者，符合纳入标准。对安乐死的态度主要是谨慎或消极的，年龄较大的提供者、女性以及宗教信仰深厚的人反对态度更强。年龄较小、男性、临床经验以及接触临终患者与更积极的态度相关。宗教和文化因素，特别是伊斯兰教义，是接受安乐死观念的重大障碍，而城市环境和高等教育与中立或混合观点有关。
伊朗医疗保健提供者对安乐死的态度反映了宗教、文化和专业影响的复杂相互作用。这些发现强调了在伊朗医疗保健系统中加强姑息治疗和伦理培训的必要性，以解决临终困境，同时尊重文化界限。
不适用。
