Associations of Cannabis Use, High-Risk Alcohol Use, and Depressive Symptomology with Motivation and Attempts to Quit Cigarette Smoking Among Adults: Findings from the 2020 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey.

UNLABELLED

This study assessed independent and interaction effects of the frequency of cannabis use, high-risk alcohol use, and depressive symptomology on motivation and attempts to quit cigarette smoking among adults who regularly smoked. Cross-sectional data are from the 2020 International Tobacco Control Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey and included 7044 adults (ages 18 + years) who smoked cigarettes daily in Australia ( = 1113), Canada ( = 2069), England ( = 2444), and the United States (USA) ( = 1418). Among all respondents, 33.1% of adults reported wanting to quit smoking "a lot," and 29.1% made a past-year quit attempt. Cannabis use was not significantly associated with either outcome (both  ≥ 0.05). High-risk alcohol use was significantly associated with decreased odds of motivation to quit ( = 0.02) and making a quit attempt ( = 0.004). Depressive symptomology was associated with increased odds for both outcomes (both  < 0.001). There were no significant 2- or 3-way interactions between cannabis use, alcohol consumption, and depressive symptomatology. Overall, just over a quarter of adults who smoked daily reported making a recent quit attempt, and most were not highly motivated to quit. Longitudinal research should investigate whether there are linkages between cannabis use, risky alcohol consumption, and/or depression on successful long-term smoking cessation.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11469-023-01214-8.