Khoundabi Batoul, Aloosh Oldooz, Adimi Naghan Parisa, Soltani Ahmad, Mojibian Abolfazl, Malekmohamamd Majid
Iran- Helal Institute of Applied-Science and Technology, Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Internal Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Tanaffos. 2024 Mar;23(3):256-265.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and fatal disease. Studies have shown a link between sleep disorders and pulmonary hypertension; however, sleep disorders generally remain undiagnosed. This study aimed to investigate the types of sleep disorders and their prevalence among patients with pulmonary hypertension.
A total of 68 patients with a definitive diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension were examined for the existence of sleep disorders. The STOP-BANG, ISI, ESS, RLS, and parasomnia questionnaires were used to evaluate sleep disorders, including obstructive sleep apnea, insomnia, excessive sleepiness, and movement disorders, such as restless leg syndrome and parasomnia, respectively. The data were analyzed using SPSS software.
The average age of the patients was 48.0 ± 14.2 years while 64.7% were women. The most prevalent (45.6%) sleep disorder among the patients was probable obstructive sleep apnea (STOP-BANG positive). Among STOP-BANG positive and negative groups, the ratios of men were 48.4% and 24.3%, respectively (P=0.046). In addition, there was a significant difference between STOP-BANG positive and negative groups regarding the variables of gender, age, having high systemic blood pressure, insomnia index, and daytime sleepiness (P values= 0.020, 0.046, 0.011, 0.023, and 0.011, respectively). The prevalence of parasomnia (P= 0.039) and daytime sleepiness (P=0.072) was significantly higher in people suffering from insomnia. The body mass index was significantly higher in people with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension than in those with thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (P= 0.001). There was a significant association between age and the functional class of the patients (P= 0.003).
The prevalence of sleep disorders, especially obstructive sleep apnea, is relatively high in patients with PAH, and its presence seems to worsen the prognosis of PAH necessitating identifying at-risk people and properly treating them to improve their quality of life.
肺动脉高压（PAH）是一种进行性致命疾病。研究表明睡眠障碍与肺动脉高压之间存在关联；然而，睡眠障碍通常仍未得到诊断。本研究旨在调查肺动脉高压患者睡眠障碍的类型及其患病率。
共对68例确诊为肺动脉高压的患者进行睡眠障碍检查。使用STOP - BANG、ISI、ESS、RLS和异态睡眠问卷分别评估睡眠障碍，包括阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停、失眠、过度嗜睡以及运动障碍，如不宁腿综合征和异态睡眠。使用SPSS软件对数据进行分析。
患者的平均年龄为48.0±14.2岁，女性占64.7%。患者中最常见（45.6%）的睡眠障碍是可能的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（STOP - BANG阳性）。在STOP - BANG阳性和阴性组中，男性比例分别为48.4%和24.3%（P = 0.046）。此外，在性别、年龄、患有高体循环血压、失眠指数和日间嗜睡等变量方面，STOP - BANG阳性和阴性组之间存在显著差异（P值分别为0.020、0.046、0.011、0.023和0.011）。失眠患者的异态睡眠患病率（P = 0.039）和日间嗜睡患病率（P = 0.072）显著更高。特发性肺动脉高压患者的体重指数显著高于血栓栓塞性肺动脉高压患者（P = 0.001）。年龄与患者的功能分级之间存在显著关联（P = 0.003）。
PAH患者睡眠障碍的患病率相对较高，尤其是阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停，其存在似乎会使PAH的预后恶化，因此有必要识别高危人群并对其进行适当治疗以改善生活质量。
