Fatal COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis Due to Complicated By Pneumothorax: A Case Report.

COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) carries high mortality. is not commonly associated with CAPA. A middle-aged woman presented with cough, fever, and dyspnea for ten days and was subsequently diagnosed with COVID-19. She was mechanically ventilated and given methylprednisolone and broad-spectrum antibiotics. The initial computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) was negative for pulmonary embolism, yet the patient's condition continued to worsen. A repeat CT scan of the thorax on day 17 revealed two new cavities. Ensuing tracheal culture was positive for , and later complicated with pneumothorax. She was treated with amphotericin B, but her clinical course was complicated by a pneumothorax, for which a chest tube was inserted. Despite all efforts, the patient eventually succumbed. infection can have devastating consequences in the setting of severe COVID-19 infection. It raises urgent questions about the need for antifungal prophylaxis. Pneumothorax is a potential complication of CAPA, especially when the cavities are very peripheral.