职业性接触农药与农业劳动者抑郁症状。系统评价。
Occupational exposure to pesticides and symptoms of depression in agricultural workers. A systematic review.
机构信息
School of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Chile; The Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neurosciences Research Center CINPSI Neurocog, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.
The Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neurosciences Research Center CINPSI Neurocog, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.
出版信息
Environ Res. 2023 Aug 15;231(Pt 2):116190. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116190. Epub 2023 May 20.
BACKGROUND
The use of pesticides can result in harm to both the environment and human health. There is a growing concern in the field of occupational health about the impact on the mental health of agricultural workers.
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this review was to systematize scientific evidence from the last ten years on the impact of occupational exposure to pesticides on the development of depression symptoms in agricultural workers.
METHODS
We conducted a comprehensive search in the PubMed and Scopus databases from 2011 to September 2022. Our search included studies in English, Spanish, and Portuguese that examined the association between occupational exposure to pesticides and symptoms of depression in agricultural workers, following the guidelines recommended by the PRISMA statement and the PECO strategy (Population, Exposure, Comparison, and Outcomes).
RESULTS
Among the 27 articles reviewed, 78% of them indicated a link between exposure to pesticides and the incidence of depression symptoms. The pesticides most frequently reported in the studies were organophosphates (17 studies), herbicides (12 studies), and pyrethroids (11 studies). The majority of the studies were rated as having intermediate to intermediate-high quality, with the use of standardized measures to assess both exposure and effect.
CONCLUSION
The updated evidence presented in our review indicates a clear association between pesticide exposure and the development of depressive symptoms. However, more high-quality longitudinal studies are necessary to control for sociocultural variables and utilize pesticide-specific biomarkers and biomarkers of depression. Given the increased use of these chemicals and the health risks associated with depression, it is crucial to implement more stringent measures to monitor the mental health of agricultural workers regularly exposed to pesticides and to enhance surveillance of companies that apply these chemicals.
背景
农药的使用会对环境和人类健康造成危害。职业健康领域越来越关注农业工人接触农药对其心理健康的影响。
目的
本次综述的目的是系统地整理过去十年中关于职业接触农药对农业工人抑郁症状发展影响的科学证据。
方法
我们在 PubMed 和 Scopus 数据库中进行了全面检索，检索时间从 2011 年到 2022 年 9 月。我们的检索包括了英语、西班牙语和葡萄牙语的研究，这些研究考察了农业工人职业接触农药与抑郁症状之间的关联，遵循 PRISMA 声明和 PECO 策略（人群、暴露、比较和结局）的建议。
结果
在所审查的 27 篇文章中，有 78%的文章表明接触农药与抑郁症状的发生之间存在关联。研究中报告的最常见的农药是有机磷（17 项研究）、除草剂（12 项研究）和拟除虫菊酯（11 项研究）。大多数研究的质量被评为中等至中等偏上，使用了标准化的措施来评估暴露和效应。
结论
我们的综述中呈现的最新证据表明，接触农药与抑郁症状的发展之间存在明确的关联。然而，需要更多高质量的纵向研究来控制社会文化变量，并利用特定于农药的生物标志物和抑郁生物标志物。鉴于这些化学物质的使用增加以及与抑郁相关的健康风险，必须采取更严格的措施来定期监测经常接触农药的农业工人的心理健康，并加强对使用这些化学物质的公司的监测。
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