Feng Rui, Yu Yaokai, Wu Dongyang, Tan Qiulin, Burokur Shah Nawaz
State key Laboratory of Extreme Environment Optoelectronic Dynamic Measurement Technology and Instrument, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China.
Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Devices and Systems, Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2025 Jul 18;15(14):1120. doi: 10.3390/nano15141120.
A metasurface capable of flexibly manipulating electromagnetic waves to realize holograms presents significant potential in millimeter-wave imaging systems and data storage domains. In this study, full-space three-dimensional holograms are realized from a reflection-transmission integrated reconfigurable metasurface, which can achieve nearly 360° phase coverage in reflection space and 180° phase coverage in transmission space. By adjusting the voltage applied to the constituting electronically tunable meta-atoms of the metasurface, an octahedron hologram constituted by three hologram images in different focal planes is generated in the reflection space at 6.25 GHz. Moreover, a diamond hologram, also composed of three hologram images in different focal planes, is achieved in the transmission space at 6.75 GHz. Both the numerical simulation and experimental measurement are performed to validate the full-space holograms implemented by the modified weighted Gerchberg-Saxton (WGS) algorithm with specific phase distribution in different imaging planes. The obtained results pave the way for a wide range of new applications, such as next-generation three-dimensional displays for immersive viewing experiences, high-capacity optical communication systems with enhanced data encoding capabilities, and ultra-secure anti-counterfeiting solutions that are extremely difficult to replicate.
一种能够灵活操纵电磁波以实现全息图的超表面在毫米波成像系统和数据存储领域具有巨大潜力。在本研究中，通过反射 - 透射集成可重构超表面实现了全空间三维全息图，该超表面在反射空间可实现近360°的相位覆盖，在透射空间可实现180°的相位覆盖。通过调整施加到构成超表面的电子可调谐元原子上的电压，在6.25 GHz的反射空间中生成了由不同焦平面上的三个全息图像构成的八面体全息图。此外，在6.75 GHz的透射空间中实现了同样由不同焦平面上的三个全息图像组成的菱形全息图。通过数值模拟和实验测量验证了采用改进的加权Gerchberg - Saxton（WGS）算法在不同成像平面具有特定相位分布所实现的全空间全息图。所得结果为一系列新应用铺平了道路，例如用于沉浸式观看体验的下一代三维显示器、具有增强数据编码能力的高容量光通信系统以及极难复制的超安全防伪解决方案。
