Dastjerdi Mina Agha Baba, Yousefi Ali Reza, Jamshidi Khalil, Pouryousef Majid, Amanifar Setareh
Department of plant production & Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 26;15(1):27184. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-10177-w.
The life cycle and unique biology of broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca) have made the management of this root- parasitic plant one of the greatest challenges in agriculture. The objective of this investigation was to ascertain whether the efficacy of chemical weed control could be enhanced through the inoculation of tomato plants with mycorrhizal and Talaromyces trachyspermus fungus. The combined effect of utilizing these fungi with the sulfonylurea herbicides (rimsulfuron and sulfosulfuron) with two application methods (herbigation and foliar spraying) was investigated in greenhouse and field trials. The results showed the application of rimsulfuron and sulfosulfuron, respectively, resulted in a 99.5% and 99.9% reduction in production capacity in the presence of the mycorrhizal fungus, as evidenced in the greenhouse experiment. The application of rimsulfuron using the herbigation method resulted in a 50% reduction in seed production in the presence of mycorrhiza in the field experiment. The application of the mycorrhizal fungus resulted in a reduction of the number of broomrape shoots by 17.2% with rimsulfuron and 62.1% with sulfosulfuron in the foliar spraying method in the greenhouse experiment. In the presence of mycorrhizal fungus, sulfosulfuron in the herbigation method demonstrated a 37.8% reduction in the number of broomrape shoots compared to the absence of herbicide in the field experiment. The highest marketable yield of tomato was observed in the mycorrhizal plants, where rimsulfuron was applied in the field experiment. The findings highlight the potential of integrated biological-chemical strategies as a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative for the management of this parasite weed. Moreover, they demonstrate the feasibility and potential of such strategies to facilitate the resolution of this pivotal challenge in agricultural practice.
列当属植物（埃及列当）的生命周期和独特生物学特性使得对这种根寄生植物的治理成为农业领域最严峻的挑战之一。本研究的目的是确定通过给番茄植株接种菌根真菌和短柄帚霉，是否能提高化学除草的效果。在温室和田间试验中，研究了将这些真菌与磺酰脲类除草剂（玉嘧磺隆和砜嘧磺隆）结合使用，并采用两种施用方法（灌溉施药和叶面喷施）的综合效果。结果表明，在温室试验中，施用玉嘧磺隆和砜嘧磺隆后，在菌根真菌存在的情况下，产能分别降低了99.5%和99.9%。在田间试验中，采用灌溉施药方法施用玉嘧磺隆，在菌根存在的情况下，种子产量降低了50%。在温室试验的叶面喷施方法中，接种菌根真菌后，使用玉嘧磺隆时列当嫩枝数量减少了17.2%，使用砜嘧磺隆时减少了62.1%。在田间试验中，在菌根真菌存在的情况下，采用灌溉施药方法施用砜嘧磺隆时，与不使用除草剂相比，列当嫩枝数量减少了37.8%。在田间试验中，在接种菌根真菌且施用玉嘧磺隆的番茄植株中，观察到了最高的番茄可售产量。这些发现突出了生物 - 化学综合策略作为治理这种寄生杂草的可持续且环境友好型替代方法的潜力。此外，它们还证明了此类策略在解决农业实践中这一关键挑战方面的可行性和潜力。
