Edalati Reza, Aref Mohamed, Abrego Isaias, Ahmadi Fatemeh, Nejat Amir H
Private Practice, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Louisiana State University School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
J Prosthodont. 2025 Jul 26. doi: 10.1111/jopr.70004.
To evaluate the impact of posterior occlusal morphology, build angulation, and support configuration on the occurrence of isolated islands in a three-dimensional (3D) printing slicing software when printing a full arch implant-supported prosthesis.
Three maxillary implant-supported full-arch prostheses were designed with similar intaglio and anterior teeth and different posterior morphology based on cusp angulations, including shallow (10°), medium (20°), and steep (33°). Each digital file was transferred to slicing software and nested in different angulations (0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, and 90°), and supports were created using different configurations (thin, standard, and thick). The sliced file from each configuration was evaluated for the presence of isolated islands of print where the printed material was left unsupported. The effect of independent variables and number of isolated islands, time to print, number of layers, and volume of the resin to print were analyzed with a three-way ANOVA test with a significance level set at 5%.
The mean number of isolated islands (minimum 0 and maximum 11.9) in the slicing software was significantly affected by all three investigated variables (p < 0.05). Steep occlusal morphology reduced the chance of developing islands after slicing. The standard and thick support configuration reduced the number of islands when compared with the thin support configuration. In terms of build angulation, 0° resulted in the highest number of islands, and 90° build angulation resulted in no islands. Increasing the thickness of support and steeper cusp angulation significantly increased the amount of resin required to print (p < 0.05). Increasing the build angulation significantly increased the time to print, number of layers, and amount of resin to print (p < 0.05).
Slicing software can produce isolated unsupported areas that have the potential to cause print failure of a full arch implant-supported prosthesis. Based on the present findings, shallower posterior occlusal anatomy, thinner supports, and 0° build angulation increased the chance of developing isolated islands in a slicing software.
评估在打印全牙弓种植体支持的修复体时，后牙咬合形态、构建角度和支撑结构对三维（3D）打印切片软件中孤立岛出现情况的影响。
设计了三款上颌种植体支持的全牙弓修复体，其凹面和前牙相似，但基于牙尖角度的后牙形态不同，包括浅（10°）、中（20°）和陡（33°）。每个数字文件被传输到切片软件中，并以不同角度（0°、15°、30°、45°和90°）嵌套，使用不同结构（薄、标准和厚）创建支撑。评估每种结构的切片文件中是否存在打印材料无支撑的孤立打印岛。使用三因素方差分析测试分析自变量与孤立岛数量、打印时间、层数和打印树脂体积之间的关系，显著性水平设定为5%。
切片软件中孤立岛的平均数量（最小值为0，最大值为11.9）受到所有三个研究变量的显著影响（p < 0.05）。陡峭的咬合形态降低了切片后出现岛的几率。与薄支撑结构相比，标准和厚支撑结构减少了岛的数量。在构建角度方面，0°导致岛的数量最多，90°构建角度未出现岛。增加支撑厚度和更陡的牙尖角度显著增加了打印所需的树脂量（p < 0.05）。增加构建角度显著增加了打印时间、层数和打印树脂量（p < 0.05）。
切片软件可能会产生孤立的无支撑区域，这有可能导致全牙弓种植体支持修复体的打印失败。基于目前的研究结果，较浅的后牙咬合解剖结构、较薄的支撑和0°构建角度增加了切片软件中出现孤立岛的几率。
