Chen Weizhen, Wang Aiyang, Feng Xing, Wang Bo, He Shaojun, Fan Hongjie, Zhang Liujun
College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, 233100, China.
College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, 233100, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chuzhou, 233100, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Chuzhou, 233100, China; Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Pork Quality Control and Enhance, Chuzhou, 233100, China.
Dev Comp Immunol. 2025 Jul 25;170:105433. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2025.105433.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV) is an immunosuppressive infectious disease in pigs. Due to the absence of effective therapeutic drugs against PRRSV and the limitations of existing commercial PRRS vaccines, adequate protection cannot be provided to pigs. PRRS has resulted in considerable economic losses in the global pig industry. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new and efficient prevention strategies for this disease. Luteolin, a natural flavonoid in various plants, demonstrates multiple biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral effects. However, little is known about the antiviral activity of luteolin against PRRSV and its impact on the production of antiviral cytokines following PRRSV infection. Here, we evaluated the activity of luteolin against PRRSV and determined that the safe concentration of luteolin for MARC-145 cells was not more than 50 μM. Luteolin showed dose- and time-dependent inhibition of PRRSV replication in MARC-145 cells. PRRSV infection was found not to affect the expression of interferon-α (IFN-α), IFN-β, IFN-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) transcripts and proteins in MARC-145 cells. Still, it up-regulated the expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) transcript and protein in MARC-145 cells. By contrast, luteolin treatment up-regulated the expression of IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, and IL-10 transcripts and proteins and down-regulated the expression of TNF-α transcript and protein in MARC-145 cells. In addition, luteolin treatment of MARC-145 cells infected by PRRSV up-regulated the expression of IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, and IL-10 and down-regulated the expression of TNF-α at both the transcript and protein levels. In summary, this study indicated that luteolin might inhibit the proliferation of PRRSV in MARC-145 cells by inducing an innate antiviral response via up-regulating the synthesis of type I and II IFNs, which highlighted the potential of luteolin as an anti-PRRSV drug and provided a reference for the development of future treatments against PRRSV infection.
由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）引起的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）是猪的一种免疫抑制性传染病。由于缺乏针对PRRSV的有效治疗药物以及现有商业PRRS疫苗的局限性，无法为猪提供充分的保护。PRRS给全球养猪业造成了相当大的经济损失。因此，迫切需要针对这种疾病的新型高效预防策略。木犀草素是多种植物中的一种天然黄酮类化合物，具有多种生物学活性，包括抗氧化、抗炎和抗病毒作用。然而，关于木犀草素对PRRSV的抗病毒活性及其对PRRSV感染后抗病毒细胞因子产生的影响知之甚少。在此，我们评估了木犀草素对PRRSV的活性，并确定木犀草素对MARC-145细胞的安全浓度不超过50μM。木犀草素在MARC-145细胞中对PRRSV复制表现出剂量和时间依赖性抑制作用。发现PRRSV感染不影响MARC-145细胞中干扰素-α（IFN-α）、IFN-β、IFN-γ和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）转录本和蛋白的表达。不过，它上调了MARC-145细胞中白细胞介素-10（IL-10）转录本和蛋白的表达。相比之下，木犀草素处理上调了MARC-145细胞中IFN-α、IFN-β、IFN-γ和IL-10转录本和蛋白的表达，并下调了TNF-α转录本和蛋白的表达。此外，木犀草素处理感染PRRSV的MARC-145细胞在转录和蛋白水平上均上调了IFN-α、IFN-β、IFN-γ和IL-10的表达，并下调了TNF-α的表达。总之，本研究表明木犀草素可能通过上调I型和II型干扰素的合成诱导先天性抗病毒反应，从而抑制PRRSV在MARC-145细胞中的增殖，这突出了木犀草素作为抗PRRSV药物的潜力，并为未来开发抗PRRSV感染的治疗方法提供了参考。
