Arcila Susana Patricia Lotero, Magalhães Gabriel Neumann, Junior Reinaldo Santos Shimabuku, Possan Edna, Nunes Pablo Henrique, Duarte Alysson Wagner Fernandes, Rosa Luiz Henrique, Passarini Michel Rodrigo Zambrano
Laboratório de Biotecnologia Ambiental, Universidade Federal da Integração Laino-Americana (UNILA), Av. Tarquínio Joslin dos Santos, 1000 - Jd Universitário, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, 85870-650, Brazil.
Itaipu Binacional-Divisão de Ação Ambiental/MAPA.CD., Laboratório Ambiental, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2025 Jul 28;41(8):275. doi: 10.1007/s11274-025-04476-7.
Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound used in several industries due to its properties and versatility and can be obtained by extraction from sedimentary rocks. Endolithic Antarctic microbes can precipitate several minerals, including calcium carbonate. In this sense, this work evaluated the crystals produced from precipitated calcium carbonate by bacteria isolated from rocks collected in Deception Island and King George Island, maritime Antarctica. Qualitative screenings were performed to select bacteria that precipitate calcium carbonate, using acidic and basic culture media. The presence of carbonate was verified with hydrochloric acid. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray detector (EDS), was used to confirm the formation of calcium crystals. A total of 48 bacteria were isolated, most of which belonged to the genera Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Stenotrophomonas, identified by MALDI-TOF and biochemical methodology. Of them, 45 were able to form crystals on the microbial biofilm in solid medium and also produced effervescence in the areas where the crystals formed, confirming the presence of carbonate. Thirteen isolates were able to produce calcium, confirmed by SEM. Bacillus and Stenotrophomonas were the best calcium carbonate producers. This is the first report of the evaluation of calcium carbonate bioprecipitation by endolithic bacterial strains recovered from rocks collected on Deception Island and King George Island, Antarctica. Calcium carbonate bioprecipitation can be considered an innovative strategy for microbial bioprospecting in Antarctica targeting future biotechnological applications in several sectors, including civil engineering and cosmetics.
碳酸钙是一种因其特性和多功能性而被应用于多个行业的化合物，可通过从沉积岩中提取获得。南极石内微生物能够沉淀多种矿物质，包括碳酸钙。从这个意义上讲，本研究评估了从南极海洋的欺骗岛和乔治王岛采集的岩石中分离出的细菌沉淀碳酸钙所产生的晶体。使用酸性和碱性培养基进行定性筛选，以选择能够沉淀碳酸钙的细菌。用盐酸验证碳酸盐的存在。配备能量色散X射线探测器（EDS）的扫描电子显微镜（SEM）用于确认钙晶体的形成。共分离出48株细菌，其中大多数属于节杆菌属、假单胞菌属、芽孢杆菌属和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌属，通过基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI-TOF）和生化方法进行鉴定。其中，45株能够在固体培养基中的微生物生物膜上形成晶体，并且在晶体形成的区域产生气泡，证实了碳酸盐的存在。13株分离株能够产生钙，通过扫描电子显微镜得以证实。芽孢杆菌属和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌属是最佳的碳酸钙生产者。这是关于对从南极欺骗岛和乔治王岛采集的岩石中回收的石内细菌菌株进行碳酸钙生物沉淀评估的首次报告。碳酸钙生物沉淀可被视为一种创新策略，用于南极微生物生物勘探，目标是在包括土木工程和化妆品在内的多个领域实现未来的生物技术应用。
