Grimaldi Pierantonio, Pisaturo Mariantonietta, Russo Antonio, Martini Salvatore, Ambrisi Francesca, Milite Filomena, Di Caprio Giovanni, Numis Fabio Giuliano, Gentile Ivan, Sangiovanni Vincenzo, Esposito Vincenzo, Pacilio Rossella, Calabria Giosuele, Pisapia Raffaella, Carriero Canio, Masullo Alfonso, Manzillo Elio, Russo Grazia, Parrella Roberto, Leone Sebastiano, Gambardella Michele, Ponticiello Antonio, Coppola Nicola
Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 80131 Naples, Italy.
Infectious Disease Unit, A.O.U. Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2025 Jun 26;13(7):1563. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13071563.
This study aims to investigate the clinical impact of Omicron Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on the clinical presentation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the very old (≥80 years old) population. All patients aged 80 years or older, hospitalized from March 2020 to June 2023 with a SARS-CoV-2 infection in one of the 17 COVID-19 units in eight cities of Campania, southern Italy, were enrolled in a multicenter, observational, retrospective study. 341 patients ≥ 80 years of age were included: 80 of them in the Omicron and 261 in the non-Omicron period. Patients admitted during the Omicron period were older ( = 0.0001) and more comorbid, showing more frequently arterial hypertension ( = 0.018), cardiovascular disease ( = 0.0001), chronic kidney disease (CKD) ( = 0.002), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) ( = 0.001), and active cancer ( = 0.0001). Severe and critical outcomes were observed more often in the non-Omicron variant ( = 0.0001). Patients in the Omicron group did not show a significantly prolonged hospitalization time ( = 0.063) or a higher likelihood of death during hospitalization ( = 0.097). In our study, despite the greater frailty of patients hospitalized during the Omicron period, the disease appeared less severe compared to previous waves, suggesting that the lower severity of the disease could be attributed to virological rather than population characteristics. These findings underscore the importance of prevention strategies for older people, as the administration of vaccination and early antiviral therapies in at-risk subjects.
本研究旨在调查奥密克戎严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染对80岁及以上高龄人群2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）临床表现的临床影响。2020年3月至2023年6月期间，在意大利南部坎帕尼亚大区八个城市的17个COVID-19病房中，因感染SARS-CoV-2而住院的所有80岁及以上患者，均被纳入一项多中心、观察性、回顾性研究。共纳入341例80岁及以上患者：其中80例在奥密克戎时期，261例在非奥密克戎时期。奥密克戎时期入院的患者年龄更大（P = 0.0001），合并症更多，更频繁地出现动脉高血压（P = 0.018）、心血管疾病（P = 0.0001）、慢性肾脏病（CKD）（P = 0.002）、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）（P = 0.001）和活动性癌症（P = 0.0001）。在非奥密克戎变异株中，严重和危急结局更为常见（P = 0.0001）。奥密克戎组患者的住院时间没有显著延长（P = 0.063），住院期间死亡的可能性也没有更高（P = 0.097）。在我们的研究中，尽管奥密克戎时期住院患者的身体更为虚弱，但与之前的疫情波相比，该疾病似乎不那么严重，这表明疾病严重程度较低可能归因于病毒学特征而非人群特征。这些发现强调了针对老年人预防策略的重要性，即对高危人群进行疫苗接种和早期抗病毒治疗。
