Manganese Superoxide Dismutase: Structure, Function, and Implications in Human Disease.

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a vital mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme that preserves cellular integrity by catalyzing the dismutation of superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide. Its central role in maintaining redox homeostasis has positioned it as a key target in biomedical research. This review provides an in-depth examination of MnSOD's structural and functional properties, regulatory mechanisms, and its involvement in the pathogenesis of various human diseases.