Ye Ting, Zhang Xiaoyan, Liu Feng, Liang Xiao, Guo Dandan, Lou Bao, Xie Zhigang
State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Coastal Biological Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Wenzhou 325005, China.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Jul 16;14(7):872. doi: 10.3390/antiox14070872.
Anthropogenic acidification is a long-term challenge to marine ecosystems. Though coastal acidification is intensifying, the large yellow croaker () exhibits good adaptability to pH fluctuations, the underlying mechanisms of which remain poorly understood. This study investigated the morphology, antioxidant enzyme activity, and gene expression of under varying acidification conditions (pH 8.1 (H group), 7.8 (M group), and 7.4 (L group)). Water pH fluctuations were also monitored to explore the physiological responses and potential adaptive molecular mechanisms of under various acidified environments. The results indicated that the water pH decreased in the H group, significantly increased in the L group ( < 0.05), and remained stable in the M group during the experiment. The lowest MDA content and the highest antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, SOD, GSH-Px) were observed in at pH 7.8, suggesting pH 7.8 was optimal for . Transcriptomic analysis revealed distinct gene expression patterns between the gills and kidneys under acidification stress. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the gills were primarily observed between the M and L groups (62.3%), whereas in the kidneys, the majority of DEGs were observed between the M and H groups (43.2%). These findings suggested that the gills play a critical role in adapting to low pH in , while the kidneys were more responsive to high pH. Enrichment analysis identified critical pathways, including vasopressin-regulated water reabsorption, mineral reabsorption, and aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption, which are associated with water and ion metabolism. These pathways play a pivotal role in the acid-base homeostasis and metabolism of . These results provide insights into the adaptive mechanisms of to acidified environments, with implications for aquaculture management and future ocean acidification adaptation.
人为酸化是海洋生态系统面临的一项长期挑战。尽管沿海酸化正在加剧，但大黄鱼对pH值波动表现出良好的适应性，其潜在机制仍知之甚少。本研究调查了在不同酸化条件下（pH 8.1（H组）、7.8（M组）和7.4（L组））大黄鱼的形态、抗氧化酶活性和基因表达。还监测了水体pH值波动，以探索大黄鱼在各种酸化环境下的生理反应和潜在的适应性分子机制。结果表明，实验期间H组水体pH值下降，L组显著升高（P<0.05），M组保持稳定。在pH 7.8的大黄鱼中观察到最低的丙二醛含量和最高的抗氧化酶活性（CAT、SOD、GSH-Px），表明pH 7.8对大黄鱼最为适宜。转录组分析揭示了酸化胁迫下鳃和肾脏之间不同的基因表达模式。鳃中差异表达基因（DEGs）主要出现在M组和L组之间（62.3%），而在肾脏中，大多数DEGs出现在M组和H组之间（43.2%）。这些发现表明，鳃在大黄鱼适应低pH值方面起关键作用，而肾脏对高pH值更敏感。富集分析确定了关键途径，包括血管加压素调节的水重吸收、矿物质重吸收和醛固酮调节的钠重吸收，这些途径与水和离子代谢有关。这些途径在大黄鱼的酸碱平衡和代谢中起关键作用。这些结果为大黄鱼对酸化环境的适应机制提供了见解，对水产养殖管理和未来海洋酸化适应具有重要意义。
