Fernández-Vázquez Ricardo, Navarro-Patón Rubén, Barcala-Furelos Martín, Cachón-Zagalaz Javier, Mecías-Calvo Marcos
Faculty of Humanities and Educational Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
Facultade de Formación do Profesorado (Campus Terra), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27001 Lugo, Spain.
Children (Basel). 2025 Jun 21;12(7):814. doi: 10.3390/children12070814.
A large percentage of schoolchildren are children with overweight or obese, and weight gain over time increases the risk of poor health later in life. Motor coordination may be a protective factor, enabling young people to participate in healthy physical activities. However, it is unknown when the relationship between motor coordination and weight first emerges, nor whether it is evident across the body mass index (BMI) spectrum. The aim of this study was to explore what happens with coordination skills [i.e., locomotor coordination (LC), visuomotor coordination (VC), foot object control coordination (FOCC), hand object control coordination (HOCC), global motor coordination (GMC)] applying the 3JS battery, according to age (6 to 11 years) and BMI (normal weight, overweight or obesity) in a sample of 688 Primary Education participants (8.71 ± 1.66 years; 48.8% boys) from Galicia (Spain). : To analyze the differences in the variables of the 3JS battery between age (6-11 years) and BMI (normal weight vs. overweight vs. obesity), they were evaluated using a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), introducing the sex category (boy-girl) as a covariate to avoid possible confounding factors. After the application of the 3JS Battery, statistically significant differences were observed depending on age [LC ( < 0.001); VC ( < 0.001); FOCC ( < 0.001); HOCC ( < 0.001); GMC ( < 0.001)] and BMI [LC ( < 0.001); VC ( = 0.008); HOCC ( < 0.001); GMC ( < 0.001)]. No statistically significant differences were found in the interactions between age and BMI ( > 0.05). : Locomotor coordination increases progressively with age, both globally and in each of the manifestations, and this is greater the older the schoolchildren are. Schoolchildren with normal weight compared to schoolchildren with overweight or obesity have better global motor coordination, locomotor coordination, global control of objects, and control with the hand.
很大比例的学童超重或肥胖，且随着时间推移体重增加会增加日后健康状况不佳的风险。运动协调能力可能是一个保护因素，能使年轻人参与健康的体育活动。然而，运动协调与体重之间的关系何时首次出现尚不清楚，在整个体重指数（BMI）范围内是否明显也不清楚。本研究的目的是在来自西班牙加利西亚的688名小学参与者（8.71±1.66岁；48.8%为男孩）样本中，根据年龄（6至11岁）和BMI（正常体重、超重或肥胖），运用3JS测试组探究协调技能[即运动协调（LC）、视觉运动协调（VC）、足部物体控制协调（FOCC）、手部物体控制协调（HOCC）、整体运动协调（GMC）]的情况。：为分析3JS测试组变量在年龄（6 - 11岁）和BMI（正常体重与超重与肥胖）之间的差异，使用多变量协方差分析（MANCOVA）进行评估，将性别类别（男孩 - 女孩）作为协变量引入以避免可能的混杂因素。在应用3JS测试组后，根据年龄[LC（<0.001）；VC（<0.001）；FOCC（<0.001）；HOCC（<0.001）；GMC（<0.001）]和BMI[LC（<0.001）；VC（=0.008）；HOCC（<0.001）；GMC（<0.001）]观察到了具有统计学意义的差异。在年龄和BMI之间的交互作用中未发现具有统计学意义的差异（>0.05）。：运动协调能力在总体上以及在每种表现形式上都随着年龄的增长而逐渐提高，学童年龄越大，这种提高就越明显。与超重或肥胖的学童相比，体重正常的学童具有更好的整体运动协调能力、运动协调能力、物体整体控制能力和手部控制能力。
