Thompson Darcy A, Kaizer Laura K, Schmiege Sarah J, Cabrera Natasha J, Clark Lauren, Ringwood Haley, Miramontes Valdes Estefania, Jimenez-Zambrano Andrea, Tschann Jeanne M
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Children (Basel). 2025 Jul 2;12(7):874. doi: 10.3390/children12070874.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Screen-related parenting practices (e.g., restriction, coviewing) influence the way children use screen devices. Although children start using screen devices (e.g., televisions [TV], tablets) in the first few years of life, rigorously developed measures of screen-related parenting practices for parents of toddlers do not exist. The objective of this study was to develop culturally and contextually relevant survey measures of screen-related parenting practices for use in Mexican American families with toddlers.
Measures were developed using an exploratory sequential mixed methods (qualitative → quantitative) approach. Mexican American mothers of toddlers (15-26 months of age) participated in semi-structured interviews. Using the interview findings, domains of parenting practices across screen device types were identified, and survey items were developed. Items were administered by phone to 384 Mexican American mothers. Analyses included evaluation of the factor structure and psychometric properties of nine domains of parenting practices and evaluations of correlations between each scale and demographic characteristics.
Factor analyses supported a one-factor solution for each parenting practice as follows: Restrict TV Time (8 items), Coview TV (10 items), Behavioral Regulation with TV (12 items), Restrict Mobile Device Time (8 items); Coview Mobile Devices (10 items); Behavioral Regulation with Mobile Devices (16 items), Restrict Screen Content (8 items), Allow Screen Use Around Sleep (6 items), and Allow Screen Use While Eating (6 items). The reliabilities were acceptable (Cronbach's alphas > 0.80). Hispanic acculturation, maternal age, and child age were correlated with many of the scales of parenting practices.
The measures developed in this study offer a way to evaluate the use and impact of screen-related parenting practices in Mexican American families with toddlers. The use of these measures will enable investigators to identify relationships among parenting practices, screen use, and child well-being, which could inform the design of early childhood interventions promoting healthy screen use in this population.
背景/目的：与屏幕相关的育儿行为（如限制、共同观看）会影响儿童使用屏幕设备的方式。尽管儿童在生命的最初几年就开始使用屏幕设备（如电视、平板电脑），但针对幼儿父母的、经过严格开发的与屏幕相关的育儿行为测量方法并不存在。本研究的目的是开发与文化和背景相关的、用于有幼儿的墨西哥裔美国家庭的与屏幕相关的育儿行为调查测量方法。
采用探索性序列混合方法（定性→定量）来开发测量方法。有幼儿（15 - 26个月大）的墨西哥裔美国母亲参与了半结构化访谈。利用访谈结果，确定了不同屏幕设备类型的育儿行为领域，并开发了调查项目。通过电话向384名墨西哥裔美国母亲发放了这些项目。分析包括对九个育儿行为领域的因子结构和心理测量特性的评估，以及对每个量表与人口统计学特征之间相关性的评估。
因子分析支持了每种育儿行为的单因子解决方案，如下所示：限制看电视时间（8个项目）、共同观看电视（10个项目）、对电视的行为规范（12个项目）、限制移动设备使用时间（8个项目）；共同使用移动设备（10个项目）；对移动设备的行为规范（16个项目）、限制屏幕内容（8个项目）、允许在睡眠前后使用屏幕（6个项目）、允许在吃饭时使用屏幕（6个项目）。信度是可接受的（克朗巴哈系数>0.80）。西班牙裔文化适应程度、母亲年龄和孩子年龄与许多育儿行为量表相关。
本研究中开发的测量方法为评估有幼儿的墨西哥裔美国家庭中与屏幕相关的育儿行为的使用和影响提供了一种途径。使用这些测量方法将使研究人员能够确定育儿行为、屏幕使用和儿童福祉之间的关系，这可为促进该人群健康使用屏幕的幼儿干预措施的设计提供信息。
