Zhang Lin, Song Rongqun, Shao Jian
Laboratory of Fishery Resources and Environmental Protection, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
The Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Jul 15;15(14):2089. doi: 10.3390/ani15142089.
Substrate is an important component of a fish's habitat environment. Fish preferences for substrate influence their growth and development, feeding, hiding, schooling, and reproduction. To explore the habitat preference of , this study was conducted on the preferences of B. pre-smolts, post-smolts, and juveniles for three substrate colors, white, blue, and black, and four substrate types, sand (<0.5 cm in diameter), small gravel (1-2 cm in diameter), medium gravel (5-7 cm in diameter), and large gravel (12-16 cm in diameter), which were investigated in light (10-60 lx) and dark (no light) environments. The results showed that the individual populations of in three periods of time had a clear preference for substrate color, preferring black substrate and staying away from blue substrate under both light and dark environmental conditions; pre-smolts and post-smolts preferred sandy substrate, and juveniles preferred medium gravel substrate. The choice of substrate color and substrate type by is a manifestation of the living environment characteristics of this species, which is conducive to their hiding, better avoidance of enemies, and improvement of their survival rate. Based on the research results and the early biological characteristics of , it is recommended to use black or dark substrate during the cultivation of fry. During the larval fish stage, a sandy substrate environment should be provided. During the juvenile fish stage, a medium-gravel environment should be provided.
底质是鱼类栖息地环境的重要组成部分。鱼类对底质的偏好会影响它们的生长发育、摄食、藏身、集群和繁殖。为了探究[鱼类名称]的栖息地偏好，本研究针对[鱼类名称]的前洄游幼鱼、洄游后幼鱼和成鱼对三种底质颜色（白色、蓝色和黑色）以及四种底质类型（直径小于0.5厘米的沙子、直径1 - 2厘米的小砾石、直径5 - 7厘米的中砾石和直径12 - 16厘米的大砾石）的偏好进行了研究，研究在光照（10 - 60勒克斯）和黑暗（无光照）环境下展开。结果表明，[鱼类名称]在三个时间段的个体群体对底质颜色有明显偏好，在光照和黑暗环境条件下均偏好黑色底质，远离蓝色底质；[鱼类名称]的前洄游幼鱼和洄游后幼鱼偏好沙质底质，成鱼偏好中砾石底质。[鱼类名称]对底质颜色和底质类型的选择是该物种生存环境特征的一种体现，有利于它们藏身、更好地躲避天敌并提高存活率。基于研究结果以及[鱼类名称]的早期生物学特性，建议在[鱼类名称]鱼苗培育期间使用黑色或深色底质。在仔鱼阶段，应提供沙质底质环境。在幼鱼阶段，应提供中砾石环境。
