Samouillan Valérie, Ober Camille, Lacoste-Ferré Marie-Hélène
CIRIMAT UMR 5085, Université de Toulouse, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France.
Gérontopôle-CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Garonne, 224 Avenue de Casselardit, 31300 Toulouse, France.
Biomolecules. 2025 Jul 8;15(7):978. doi: 10.3390/biom15070978.
This study first examines the potential of using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to extract molecular and organizational markers from human oral mucosa. These indicators are then examined in relation to age and pathophysiological conditions. Oral mucosa biopsies were collected from 38 patients during surgical procedures and analyzed using FTIR and DSC-validated protocols. The patients were divided into two age groups, namely 20-40 and 70-90 years. Vibrational markers of the lamina propria and epithelium, including lipid-to-protein and collagen-to-protein ratios and lipid order, were extracted from the FTIR spectra of both layers. Hydration levels and collagen thermal stability were determined from DSC thermograms of the entire biopsy. The preliminary findings of this study, which will require further validation in a larger patient cohort, indicate a significant decrease in bound water content and collagen denaturation temperature in the older population. This suggests that oral mucosa undergoes structural dehydration and collagen destabilization with age. Further comparisons within the older group revealed links between biophysical markers of the oral mucosa and chronic or local pathologies. Patients with cardiovascular diseases exhibit altered collagen organization, while patients with diabetes display differences in the lipid-to-protein ratio and the order of lipid chains in the epithelium. Gingivitis is associated with variations in the collagen-to-protein ratio, which supports the role of inflammation in extracellular matrix remodeling.
本研究首先考察了利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）从人体口腔黏膜中提取分子和组织标志物的潜力。然后研究这些指标与年龄和病理生理状况的关系。在手术过程中从38名患者身上采集口腔黏膜活检样本，并使用经过FTIR和DSC验证的方案进行分析。患者被分为两个年龄组，即20 - 40岁和70 - 90岁。从两层的FTIR光谱中提取固有层和上皮的振动标志物，包括脂质与蛋白质的比率、胶原蛋白与蛋白质的比率以及脂质有序度。从整个活检样本的DSC热谱图中测定水合水平和胶原蛋白热稳定性。本研究的初步结果（这需要在更大的患者队列中进一步验证）表明，老年人群中结合水含量和胶原蛋白变性温度显著降低。这表明口腔黏膜会随着年龄增长而发生结构脱水和胶原蛋白不稳定。在老年组内的进一步比较揭示了口腔黏膜生物物理标志物与慢性或局部病理之间的联系。患有心血管疾病的患者表现出胶原蛋白组织改变，而患有糖尿病的患者在上皮中脂质与蛋白质的比率以及脂质链有序度方面存在差异。牙龈炎与胶原蛋白与蛋白质的比率变化有关，这支持了炎症在细胞外基质重塑中的作用。
