Singh Baljinder, Yun Sunyoung, Gil Yeji, Park Myoung-Hwan
Convergence Research Center, Nanobiomaterials Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea.
Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jul 14;26(14):6743. doi: 10.3390/ijms26146743.
Colchicine, a strong antimitotic drug produced by the crocus , induces polyploidy by interfering with spindle formation during mitosis, making it a crucial tool in plant breeding. In this review, we give a comprehensive overview of the function of colchicine in plant enhancement, emphasizing its modes of action, application techniques, and effects on phytochemistry, physiology, and plant morphology. A wide variety of plant species, especially medicinal plants, have been studied in this context, utilizing in vitro, ex vitro, and in vivo methods for applying colchicine. In addition, we discuss the safety and effectiveness of colchicine in comparison to other polyploidy-inducing drugs, including oryzalin, trifluralin, and mutagens such as ethyl methanesulfonate and methyl methanesulfonate. Furthermore, the effects of colchicine on genetic stability and secondary metabolite production are discussed, with a focus on its usefulness in boosting the medicinal and economic potential of the target species. This synthesis highlights the ongoing use of colchicine in plant breeding and provides useful information and suggestions for future advancements in crop development via induced polyploidy.
秋水仙碱是番红花产生的一种强效抗有丝分裂药物，它通过在有丝分裂过程中干扰纺锤体形成来诱导多倍体，使其成为植物育种中的关键工具。在本综述中，我们全面概述了秋水仙碱在植物改良中的作用，重点介绍了其作用方式、应用技术以及对植物化学、生理学和植物形态的影响。在这方面，已经利用体外、离体和体内方法施用秋水仙碱，对各种各样的植物物种，特别是药用植物进行了研究。此外，我们还将秋水仙碱与其他诱导多倍体的药物（包括安磺灵、氟乐灵以及诱变剂如甲磺酸乙酯和甲磺酸甲酯）进行了比较，讨论了秋水仙碱的安全性和有效性。此外，还讨论了秋水仙碱对遗传稳定性和次生代谢产物产生的影响，重点关注其在提高目标物种的药用和经济潜力方面的作用。本综述强调了秋水仙碱在植物育种中的持续应用，并为通过诱导多倍体促进作物发展的未来进展提供了有用的信息和建议。
