Ivashchanka Yahor, Hering Anna, Kastsevich Alina, Stefanowicz-Hajduk Justyna, Hałasa Rafał
Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland.
Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jul 14;26(14):6754. doi: 10.3390/ijms26146754.
Increased bacterial resistance to current antibiotics leads to a depletion of therapeutic options in medicine. One of the problems of current therapy is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which, in addition to resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, is multidrug-resistant. Some strains can also produce biofilms, a multicellular structure that is resistant or tolerant to various antibiotics. In hospitals worldwide, about 15% of invasive infections are caused by MRSA. Extracts of Rubus caesius (dewberry) contain high concentrations of compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannins, and anthocyanins, which have potential antibacterial properties. This study is the first to demonstrate the activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of dewberry leaves (L, L) and stems (S, S) against S. aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The most active extracts were L (MIC 0.16 ± 0.40-1.56 ± 0.23 mg/mL) and L (MIC 0.16 ± 0.20-10 mg/mL). The study showed that L, S and L extracts inhibited biofilm formation by clinical strains MRCN (methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci) and MRSA (biofilm biomass reduction from 40 to 100%). Furthermore, 3,3'-dipropylthiacarbocyanine (DiSC(5)) and N-phenyl-naphthylamine (NPN) were used to show that L and S caused the membrane depolarization of the strains studied. We also showed that the extracts acted synergistically and additively with cefoxitin and amikacin, reducing the MIC values of the antibiotics used by 8- to 16-fold and of the extracts tested by 4- to 8-fold. This study provides new data on potential antibacterial drugs of therapeutic importance.
细菌对现有抗生素的耐药性增加导致医学上治疗选择的枯竭。当前治疗的问题之一是耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA），它除了对β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药外，还具有多重耐药性。一些菌株还能产生生物膜，这是一种对各种抗生素具有抗性或耐受性的多细胞结构。在全球范围内的医院中，约15%的侵袭性感染是由MRSA引起的。悬钩子（露莓）提取物含有高浓度的酚酸、黄酮类化合物、单宁和花青素等化合物，这些化合物具有潜在的抗菌特性。本研究首次证明了露莓叶（L，L）和茎（S，S）的水提取物和乙醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌的活性。活性最强的提取物是L（最低抑菌浓度为0.16±0.40 - 1.56±0.23毫克/毫升）和L（最低抑菌浓度为0.16±0.20 - 10毫克/毫升）。研究表明，L、S和L提取物可抑制临床菌株MRCN（耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌）和MRSA形成生物膜（生物膜生物量减少40%至100%）。此外，使用3,3'-二丙基硫代碳菁（DiSC(5)）和N-苯基萘胺（NPN）表明，L和S导致所研究菌株的膜去极化。我们还表明，提取物与头孢西丁和阿米卡星具有协同和相加作用，将所用抗生素的最低抑菌浓度值降低了8至16倍，将测试提取物的最低抑菌浓度值降低了4至8倍。本研究提供了关于具有治疗重要性的潜在抗菌药物的新数据。
