Quinto Javier, Espín Elena, Galante Eduardo
Instituto de Investigación CIBIO (Centro Iberoamericano de la Biodiversidad), Universidad de Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain.
Insects. 2025 Jun 30;16(7):683. doi: 10.3390/insects16070683.
Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea), considered bioindicators of habitat conservation status, are one of the groups used to assess the impact of habitat management and improvement efforts in the Biological Station of Torretes (Ibi, Alicante, Spain). This area also houses the Botanical Garden of the University of Alicante. The study was focused on the period from autumn 2022 to late spring 2023, and data on butterfly diversity and abundance from the current study were compared with historical data. Our results highlight that open spaces and the availability of trophic resources (nutritional plants) were key factors influencing the richness and abundance of Papilionoidea. The program for the creation and maintenance of new habitats at the biological station has increased spatial heterogeneity and the availability of trophic resources, which has led to a significant increase in the richness and abundance of butterflies in a short period. To support the conservation of Mediterranean ecosystems, and entomofauna in general, the Papilionidae are proposed as model groups for designing conservation projects based on traditional habitat management. These projects should promote spatial heterogeneity, include programs to enrich plant diversity, and be complemented by environmental education and outreach initiatives.
蝴蝶（鳞翅目：凤蝶总科）被视为栖息地保护状况的生物指示物种，是用于评估西班牙阿利坎特省伊维市托雷特斯生物站栖息地管理与改善工作影响的物种群体之一。该地区还设有阿利坎特大学植物园。本研究聚焦于2022年秋季至2023年春末这一时间段，并将本研究中蝴蝶多样性和丰度的数据与历史数据进行了比较。我们的研究结果表明，开阔空间和营养资源（食草植物）的可获得性是影响凤蝶总科丰富度和丰度的关键因素。生物站创建和维护新栖息地的计划增加了空间异质性和营养资源的可获得性，这导致蝴蝶的丰富度和丰度在短时间内显著增加。为支持地中海生态系统以及整个昆虫区系的保护，凤蝶科被提议作为基于传统栖息地管理设计保护项目的模范类群。这些项目应促进空间异质性，包括丰富植物多样性的计划，并辅以环境教育和宣传活动。
